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Related Concept Videos

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent – the...
Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria01:10

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria

Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface01:04

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface

Hydrostatic pressure on curved surfaces is a fundamental concept in fluid mechanics with broad applications in the civil engineering field. When fluid is in contact with a curved surface, as in a reservoir, dam, or storage tank, it exerts pressure that varies in magnitude and direction along the curved surface. To assess the total hydrostatic force exerted by the fluid on a curved structure, engineers typically isolate the fluid volume adjacent to the surface and analyze the forces acting on...
Surface Tension01:24

Surface Tension

Surface tension is defined as the force per unit length (γ) acting along the surface of a liquid. It arises due to strong intermolecular forces of attraction. A molecule located inside the bulk of the liquid is surrounded by other molecules and experiences equal forces in all directions. However, a molecule at the surface experiences unbalanced forces because there are more neighboring molecules below than above. This creates a net inward force that pulls surface molecules toward the interior,...
Dynamics of Circular Motion01:30

Dynamics of Circular Motion

An object undergoing circular motion, like a race car, is accelerating because it is changing the direction of its velocity. This centrally directed acceleration is called centripetal acceleration. This acceleration acts along the radius of the curved path (thus is also referred to as radial acceleration).
Any acceleration must be produced by some force. Therefore, any force or combination of forces can cause centripetal acceleration. A few examples include the tension in the rope on a...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...

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Updated: May 8, 2026

Growing Protein Crystals with Distinct Dimensions Using Automated Crystallization Coupled with In Situ Dynamic Light Scattering
09:15

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Published on: August 14, 2018

Crystallization dynamics on curved surfaces.

Nicolás A García1, Richard A Register, Daniel A Vega

  • 1Department of Physics, Universidad Nacional del Sur - IFISUR - CONICET, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|August 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Crystal growth on curved surfaces is hindered by defects. High curvature regions trap defects, slowing down ordering and preventing the formation of ideal crystal structures.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Phase transitions from liquid to crystal states are fundamental.
  • Understanding these transitions in non-Euclidean geometries is crucial for advanced materials and theoretical physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamics of liquid-to-crystal phase transitions in two-dimensional curved space.
  • To analyze the role of curvature in defect formation and crystal ordering.

Main Methods:

  • Simulations of crystal growth on curved surfaces.
  • Analysis of defect dynamics and domain wall movement.
  • Characterization of ordering kinetics and energy landscapes.

Main Results:

  • Crystal seeds initially grow in low-curvature regions.
  • High-curvature areas generate defects that facilitate initial relaxation.
  • Metastable defect structures form due to grain boundary pinning, leading to slow ordering dynamics.
  • Glassy dynamics can prevent the formation of ground-state crystal structures.

Conclusions:

  • Curvature significantly impacts crystal formation, introducing defects and hindering ordering.
  • The system can get trapped in metastable states with slow dynamics, preventing ideal crystal formation.
  • This study provides insights into crystallization processes in non-uniform geometries.