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Related Concept Videos

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

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Updated: May 8, 2026

Developing a Salivary Antibody Multiplex Immunoassay to Measure Human Exposure to Environmental Pathogens
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Developing a Salivary Antibody Multiplex Immunoassay to Measure Human Exposure to Environmental Pathogens

Published on: September 12, 2016

Multiplex microarray ELISA versus classical ELISA, a comparison study of pollutant sensing for environmental

Cloé Desmet1, Loïc J Blum, Christophe A Marquette

  • 1Equipe Génie Enzymatique, Membranes Biomimétiques et Assemblages Supramoléculaires, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université Lyon 1 - CNRS 5246 ICBMS, Bâtiment CPE - 43, bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France. christophe.marquette@univ-lyon1.fr.

Environmental Science. Processes & Impacts
|August 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Multiplex immunoassays offer a more sensitive, reproducible, and cost-effective alternative to traditional ELISAs for detecting water pollutants like pesticides, explosives, and toxins.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Traditional Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs) are widely used for detecting specific analytes.
  • Multiplex assays offer the potential for simultaneous detection of multiple targets, improving efficiency.
  • Assessing the suitability of multiplex immunoassays as a replacement for ELISA in pollutant detection is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and optimize ELISAs and a multiplex immunoassay for detecting pesticide, explosive, and toxin pollutants in water.
  • To compare the performance characteristics of ELISA and multiplex immunoassay formats.
  • To evaluate the potential of multiplex immunoassays to replace ELISA for multi-analyte sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Development and optimization of three classical ELISAs and one multiplex immunoassay.
  • Immobilization of target analytes (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, okadaic acid) in microtiter plates and microarrays.
  • Performance evaluation including limit of detection (LOD), IC50, linearity, and reproducibility.
  • Analysis of spiked water samples using the optimized multiplex immunoassay.

Main Results:

  • Classical ELISAs achieved a limit of detection down to 10 μg L⁻¹.
  • The multiplex immunoassay demonstrated superior sensitivity with a limit of detection down to 0.01 μg L⁻¹.
  • The multiplex assay was more reproducible, cost-effective, and time-efficient than ELISAs.
  • Successful detection of target pollutants in spiked water samples with high recovery rates.

Conclusions:

  • Multiplex immunoassays are a more sensitive and efficient alternative to traditional ELISAs for detecting multiple water pollutants.
  • The developed microarray-based multiplex assay is a valuable tool for environmental monitoring.
  • This technology offers significant advantages in terms of cost, time, and performance for pollutant analysis.