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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences01:20

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences

Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) is a highly selective and sensitive technique for accurate elemental analysis. Though the analysis of ICP–MS mass spectra is comparatively straightforward, it is affected by spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic interferences. Spectroscopic interferences arise when the plasma contains ionic species with an m/z value the same as the analyte ion. Spectroscopic interference can be categorized as isobaric, polyatomic ions, and refractory oxide ion...

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Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
11:42

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Published on: July 24, 2015

Ballistic interferences in suspended graphene.

Peter Rickhaus1, Romain Maurand, Ming-Hao Liu

  • 11] Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland [2].

Nature Communications
|August 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers fabricated suspended graphene p-n junctions, enabling control over electron waves. This breakthrough enhances quantum interference and brings electron optics in graphene closer to reality.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Graphene's massless Dirac fermions exhibit linear dispersion, enabling 'optics-like' electron dynamics.
  • Proposed electron optics devices in graphene require precise control over carrier concentration.
  • Complex gating and achieving ballistic transport simultaneously remain significant challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize suspended graphene p-n junctions for advanced electron optics.
  • To investigate the potential of local gating for defining resonant cavities and observing quantum interference.
  • To explore the role of Klein collimation in enhancing interference visibility.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of suspended graphene p-n junctions using local gating techniques.
  • Characterization of electronic transport properties, focusing on conductance oscillations.
  • Analysis of quantum interference phenomena and the impact of Klein collimation.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated suspended graphene p-n junctions with local gating.
  • Observed complex Fabry-Pérot interferences due to resonant cavities.
  • Demonstrated ballistic electron transport over distances exceeding 1 micrometer.
  • Confirmed enhanced visibility of interferences due to Klein collimation at the p-n interface.

Conclusions:

  • Local gating enables the definition of resonant cavities in suspended graphene p-n junctions.
  • Quantum interference of ballistic electrons is observable over micrometer distances.
  • Klein collimation significantly enhances the visibility of these quantum interferences.
  • This work advances the development of gate-controlled ballistic graphene devices and electron optics in graphene.