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Pial microcirculation in subarachnoid hemorrhage.

D A Herz, S Baez, K Shulman

    Stroke
    |July 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage causes cerebral microvessel constriction. Alpha-adrenergic blockers reversed this, suggesting a chemo-mechanical mechanism for subarachnoid hemorrhage pathophysiology.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Vascular Biology
    • Pathophysiology

    Background:

    • Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a critical neurological condition.
    • Understanding microvascular responses to SAH is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage on cerebral cortical pial microvessels.
    • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying microvascular constriction following SAH.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of adrenergic blockers in mitigating these effects.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized microsurgical and microscopic techniques in guinea pigs.
    • Induced experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage via vascular micropuncture and topical blood application.
    • Measured arteriolar constriction and microcirculatory flow changes.

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  • Administered alpha (phenoxybenzamine) and beta (propranolol) adrenergic blockers.

    • Main Results:

    • Vascular micropuncture-induced bleeding caused 44.3% arteriolar constriction.
    • Topical blood application induced 33.2% vasoconstriction.
    • Microcirculatory changes were consistent with cerebral cortical infarction.
    • Phenoxybenzamine prevented and reversed vasoconstriction.
    • Propranolol prevented but did not reverse established vasoconstriction.

    Conclusions:

    • A chemo-mechanical mechanism is implicated in pial microvessel rupture-induced vasoconstriction.
    • Adrenergic blockade, particularly alpha-adrenergic, offers a potential therapeutic strategy.
    • These findings enhance understanding of SAH pathophysiology at the microvascular level.
    • Results may inform future clinical management of subarachnoid hemorrhage.