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Updated: May 8, 2026
Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
Published on: July 30, 2017
Life cycle analysis of solvent reduction in pharmaceutical synthesis using continuous adsorption for palladium
C Stewart Slater1, Mariano J Savelski, Marie Nydia Ruiz-Felix
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA. slater@rowan.edu
Abstract:
The life cycle emissions associated with the reduction of wastes from an adsorption process to remove palladium complexes in drug manufacture have been evaluated. The study assessed a green improvement to a process step in an active pharmaceutical ingredient synthesis where palladium catalyst is removed from a reaction mixture. The greener process uses a continuous adsorption system, composed of a more efficient adsorbent, consuming less organic solvent and rinse water, which results in less waste disposal. The newer process is also more energy and cost efficient from an operational perspective. There is a 94% reduction in the carbon footprint of the new process when compared to the current operation.
