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Related Concept Videos

Destabilization of Microtubules01:45

Destabilization of Microtubules

The destabilization of microtubules can occur during different stages of the microtubule lifecycle, such as nucleation or elongation. It can take place at either end of the microtubule or in the microtubule lattices as a whole. The lifespan of individual microtubules within a cell varies according to the cell type and stage of the cell cycle. During interphase, the lifespan of the microtubule is about 30 minutes, while during cell division, it is about 15 minutes. In axonal microtubules of...
Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules01:15

Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules

Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
Microtubule Associated Proteins (MAPs)01:42

Microtubule Associated Proteins (MAPs)

Microtubule function and architecture are regulated by an array of specialized proteins called microtubule-associated proteins or MAPs. These proteins are widespread across different organisms and have conserved protein motifs, like the multi-TOG domain for tubulin binding found in the CLASP family of MAPs. Some MAPs are lineage-specific based on their conserved domains. Their functions depend upon the cytoskeletal architecture and cell type they are located within. In-plant cells, a specific...
Microtubule Instability02:17

Microtubule Instability

Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated assembly and...
Microtubule Instability02:17

Microtubule Instability

Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated assembly and...
Drugs that Destabilize Microtubules01:10

Drugs that Destabilize Microtubules

Microtubules are dynamic structures and can be regulated by microtubule targeting agents (MTAs). Microtubule destabilizing drugs are a class of MTAs that destabilize and prevent microtubules' polymerization. Both natural and synthetic chemicals can be found under this class of drugs. Vincristine and vinblastine, two vinca alkaloids, and colchicine were among the first to be discovered. These drugs can affect cells in various ways, either by inducing a change in cell morphology, preventing...

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Updated: May 8, 2026

Assay for Phosphorylation and Microtubule Binding Along with Localization of Tau Protein in Colorectal Cancer Cells
12:55

Assay for Phosphorylation and Microtubule Binding Along with Localization of Tau Protein in Colorectal Cancer Cells

Published on: October 10, 2017

Microtubule depolymerization and tau phosphorylation.

Félix Hernández1, Esther García-García, Jesús Avila

  • 1Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain.

Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD
|August 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microtubule disassembly, not altered GSK3 activity, triggers tau phosphorylation in Alzheimer's disease models. This suggests microtubule damage may initiate disease-related tau changes.

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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for the Identification of Multiple Phosphorylations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for the Identification of Multiple Phosphorylations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
12:47

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for the Identification of Multiple Phosphorylations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Published on: December 27, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Abnormally phosphorylated tau protein forms paired helical filaments in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • Tau hyperphosphorylation inhibits microtubule assembly, a key cellular process.
  • The relationship between microtubule integrity and tau phosphorylation requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of microtubule depolymerization on tau phosphorylation.
  • To explore the role of GSK3 (Glycogen synthase kinase 3) in this process.
  • To understand the sequence of events in neurodegeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.
  • Induced microtubule depolymerization using nocodazole.
  • Examined tau phosphorylation using AT-8 and Tau-1 antibodies.
  • Assessed GSK3β levels and phosphorylation status.

Main Results:

  • Nocodazole treatment induced tau phosphorylation mediated by GSK3.
  • Total GSK3β and its inhibitory phosphorylation (Ser-9) remained unchanged.
  • Microtubule stabilization with taxol produced similar effects, suggesting unbound tau is a better substrate for GSK3.

Conclusions:

  • Microtubule depolymerization may be an initial event in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease.
  • Tau phosphorylation occurs subsequent to microtubule damage.
  • GSK3-mediated tau phosphorylation can be triggered by changes in microtubule association, independent of altered kinase activity.