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Related Concept Videos

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
Electrolysis03:00

Electrolysis

In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
Hydrogen Bonds00:26

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Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!
Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are unequally shared.
Chain Reactions01:29

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Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes02:41

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DC Battery01:21

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions
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Published on: August 17, 2016

Membrane-less hydrogen bromine flow battery.

William A Braff1, Martin Z Bazant, Cullen R Buie

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.

Nature Communications
|August 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A novel membrane-less hydrogen bromine flow battery achieves high power density for large-scale energy storage. This breakthrough in electrochemical energy storage could lead to smaller, more affordable systems.

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions
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Published on: August 17, 2016

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A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
09:49

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery

Published on: February 13, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Large-scale energy storage is crucial for renewable energy integration.
  • Current flow battery costs, particularly stack costs, hinder widespread adoption.
  • Increasing power density is a key strategy to reduce system size and cost.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-power density flow battery solution.
  • To investigate a membrane-less design for cost reduction.
  • To explore the potential of hydrogen bromine chemistry for energy storage.

Main Methods:

  • Design and testing of a membrane-less hydrogen bromine laminar flow battery.
  • Measurement of power density at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.
  • Evaluation of round-trip voltage efficiency at various power outputs.
  • Development of theoretical models for future laminar flow battery designs.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a power density of 0.795 W cm⁻².
  • Demonstrated a round-trip voltage efficiency of 92% at 25% of peak power.
  • The membrane-less design proved effective in achieving high power density.
  • Theoretical solutions were proposed to guide future development.

Conclusions:

  • The membrane-less hydrogen bromine flow battery offers a promising high-power density solution for electrochemical energy storage.
  • This technology has the potential to significantly reduce the cost of large-scale energy storage systems.
  • The findings could revolutionize both grid-scale energy storage and portable power applications.