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A Protocol for Measuring Cue Reactivity in a Rat Model of Cocaine Use Disorder
07:51

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Published on: June 18, 2018

Error processing in current and former cocaine users.

Brian C Castelluccio1, Shashwath A Meda, Christine E Muska

  • 1Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, 200 Retreat Avenue, Whitehall Building, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA, brian.castelluccio@uconn.edu.

Brain Imaging and Behavior
|August 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with cocaine dependence show altered brain activity during error processing. Former users exhibit distinct neural differences from current users, suggesting cognitive compensation aids abstinence.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Deficits in response inhibition and error processing contribute to maladaptive behaviors and addiction.
  • Impulsivity, characterized by a failure to inhibit prepotent responses, is a hallmark of addictive disorders like cocaine abuse.
  • Reduced activation in cognitive control brain regions is observed in individuals with cocaine abuse.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify neural differences in error processing between current cocaine users, former users, and healthy controls.
  • To compare neural differences in former, long-term abstinent cocaine users with those of current users.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed using a Go/No-Go task.
  • Blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) responses during correct rejections and false alarms were analyzed.
  • Participants included current cocaine users (n=30), former cocaine users (n=29), and healthy controls (n=35).

Main Results:

  • No group differences were found for correct rejections.
  • Both current and former cocaine users showed increased BOLD response for false alarms compared to controls.
  • Specific regions, including the pregenual cingulate gyrus and angular/supramarginal gyri, showed overactivation in current users, while former users showed overactivation in the middle frontal/precentral gyri, inferior parietal lobule, and angular/supramarginal gyri.

Conclusions:

  • Neural activity during error processing differs between current and former cocaine users.
  • Former users' neural activity patterns diverge more from controls than current users, suggesting cognitive compensation.
  • These findings support the hypothesis that cognitive compensation facilitates sustained abstinence from cocaine.