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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation
07:17

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

Published on: April 14, 2016

Serotonin: good or bad for bone.

Marie-Christine de Vernejoul1, Corinne Collet, Yasmine Chabbi-Achengli

  • 1UMR 606 "Bone and Joint", INSERM and University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité Hospital Lariboisière , Paris, France .

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Osteoclasts synthesize serotonin locally within bone, promoting differentiation of osteoclast precursors. This suggests a localized bone micro-serotonin system, challenging the hormone-based model of serotonin

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

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A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders
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Area of Science:

  • Bone biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Cell signaling

Background:

  • Serotonin, beyond its neurotransmitter role, has peripheral functions.
  • Previous studies conflict on serotonin's role in bone metabolism, specifically osteoblast proliferation and bone density.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the source and local action of serotonin within the bone microenvironment.
  • To clarify serotonin's role in osteoclast and osteoblast biology.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated serotonin synthesis by osteoclasts.
  • Examined the effect of osteoclast-derived serotonin on osteoclast precursor differentiation.
  • Analyzed the potential for a localized bone micro-serotonin system.

Main Results:

  • Osteoclasts possess the capacity to synthesize serotonin.
  • Locally produced serotonin by osteoclasts promotes osteoclast precursor differentiation.
  • Evidence suggests a localized, intra-bone serotonergic system.

Conclusions:

  • Serotonin in bone acts locally, not systemically as a hormone.
  • Osteoclast-derived serotonin plays a crucial role in regulating bone cell differentiation.
  • A distinct bone micro-serotonin system exists, involving both osteoclasts and osteoblasts.