[Quantum-pharmacological aspects of cardiovascular drugs studying]

Quantum pharmacology allows to study the mechanisms of action of cardiovascular drugs, to predict pharmacological activity and identify the most pronounced pharmacodynamic efficacy and therapeutic activity of new compounds. Calculation of quantum-pharmacological parameters for molecules of beta-blockers (propranolol, atenolol, metoprolol, carvedilol) in aqueous media, research its hydrophobic interaction with receptors allow to form a theoretical basis for the development of new generations of more effective and safe medicines for hypertension treatment. Increased hydrophobicity leads to poor solubility of carvedilol in water and high--in the lipids. The clinical pharmacology of the drug is shown by such indicators as the therapeutic dose, half-life and degree of metabolism in the liver. Due to enhanced interaction with adrenergic receptor effective dose of carvedilol is an order of magnitude lower than other beta-blockers, even with the relatively low bioavailability. Reduced bioavailability of carvedilol versus atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol is caused by elevated metabolism during the first pass through the liver, which is also due to the hydrophobicity of the drug. High solubility in lipids appears to extend the half-life of carvedilol. QSAR studies make an important contribution to the study of the properties of chemical compounds and their pharmacological activity. Software, used for computation of studied properties, has a significant role. A large number of descriptors allows a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the molecules of chemical compounds and prediction of their influence on cardiovascular system.