Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...

Neuromuscular Junction And Blockade

Neuromuscular Junction And Blockade

The site of chemical communication between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber is called the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). The end of the motor neuron at the NMJ divides into a cluster of synaptic end bulbs. The cytoplasm of these bulbs consists of synaptic vesicles enclosing acetylcholine molecules, the principal neurotransmitter released at the NMJ. The region opposite the synaptic bulb that ends in the muscle fiber is called the motor end plate, which has acetylcholine receptors. Within the...

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...

Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacological Actions

Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacological Actions

Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers prevent the membrane depolarization of muscle cells and inhibit muscle contraction. These are usually administered with anesthetics to achieve complete muscle relaxation. Upon administration, these drugs first block the small, rapidly contracting muscles of the face and hands, followed by the larger muscles of the trunk and the intercostal muscles. The diaphragm is the last muscle to be affected.
Although all competitive neuromuscular blockers are designed...

Depolarizing Blockers: Mechanism of Action

Depolarizing Blockers: Mechanism of Action

Depolarizing blockers act on skeletal muscle fibers' membranes and induce their depolarization. Most depolarizing blockers have two quaternary N+ atoms that bind the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and cause neuromuscular blockade within minutes.
Succinylcholine is the most commonly used depolarizing blocker. Chemically, it constitutes two molecules of acetylcholine joined together by an acetate methyl group. They act on the receptors in the same way as acetylcholine. Because succinylcholine...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Food waste in European Households: A Meta-Analysis of behavioural drivers and quantitative trends.

Waste management (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same author

Optimising H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> digestion and quantifying microplastics in sediment and pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) samples.

Marine pollution bulletin·2025

Same author

RNA-Seq transcriptome profiling of Nile rat livers reveals novel insights on the anti-diabetic mechanisms of Water-Soluble Palm Fruit Extract.

Journal of applied genetics·2024

Same author

Insulin and circadian rhythm genes of the Nile rat (Arvicanthis niloticus) are conserved and orthologous to those in the rat, mouse and human.

Genetica·2023

Same author

The Solent Strait: Water quality trends within a heavily trafficked marine environment, 2000 to 2020.

Marine pollution bulletin·2023

Same author

The impact of an annual major recreational boating event on water quality in the Solent Strait.

Marine pollution bulletin·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Electrophysiological Methods to Assess Peripheral Pain Block in an Anesthetized Rat

Electrophysiological Methods to Assess Peripheral Pain Block in an Anesthetized Rat

Published on: November 21, 2025

The ischemic nerve block and skilled movement.

J S Frank¹, I D Williams, K C Hayes

¹a Department of Physical Education , University of Southern California.

Journal of Motor Behavior

|August 20, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Loss of sensory feedback (kinesthesis) significantly impairs skilled finger movement accuracy. This study shows that the absence of stretch reflexes reduces precision in serial positioning tasks, highlighting the importance of sensory input for motor control.

More Related Videos

An Ultrasonic Tool for Nerve Conduction Block in Diabetic Rat Models

An Ultrasonic Tool for Nerve Conduction Block in Diabetic Rat Models

Published on: October 20, 2017

Nerve Stimulator-guided Injection of Autologous Stem Cells Near the Equine Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

Nerve Stimulator-guided Injection of Autologous Stem Cells Near the Equine Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

Published on: September 26, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Electrophysiological Methods to Assess Peripheral Pain Block in an Anesthetized Rat

Electrophysiological Methods to Assess Peripheral Pain Block in an Anesthetized Rat

Published on: November 21, 2025

An Ultrasonic Tool for Nerve Conduction Block in Diabetic Rat Models

An Ultrasonic Tool for Nerve Conduction Block in Diabetic Rat Models

Published on: October 20, 2017

Nerve Stimulator-guided Injection of Autologous Stem Cells Near the Equine Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

Nerve Stimulator-guided Injection of Autologous Stem Cells Near the Equine Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

Published on: September 26, 2018

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Motor Control
Human Movement Science

Background:

Skilled motor control relies on sensory feedback.
The role of kinesthesis in precise movements is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of deafferentation on the accuracy of skilled finger movements.
To examine the contribution of kinesthetic feedback to motor control.

Main Methods:

Used a serial positioning task with index finger deafferentation via ischemic nerve block.
Monitored reflex responses to muscle stretch to confirm deafferentation.
Compared movement accuracy with and without sensory feedback.

Main Results:

Serial positioning accuracy was significantly reduced in the absence of stretch reflexes.
Movement variability increased when kinesthetic feedback was unavailable.
Deafferentation led to less precise and more variable motor performance.

Conclusions:

Kinesthetic feedback is crucial for achieving high accuracy in skilled movements.
The findings support the 'servo-assistance' hypothesis of motor control.
Movement accuracy is limited without afferent sensory information.