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The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score (PRIUS): A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time
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Published on: February 19, 2021

Complex interventions and their implications for systematic reviews: a pragmatic approach.

Mark Petticrew1, Laurie Anderson, Randy Elder

  • 1Department of Social & Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, United Kingdom.

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
|August 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study offers a pragmatic approach for systematic reviews of complex interventions. It guides reviewers on incorporating complexity by defining research questions and mapping intervention aspects to evidence sources.

Keywords:
Complex interventionsComplexityEvaluationEvidence synthesisQualitative researchSystematic reviews

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Area of Science:

  • Health Research Methodology
  • Evidence Synthesis
  • Intervention Science

Background:

  • Systematic reviews face challenges incorporating complexity in interventions.
  • Existing debates focus on describing complexity rather than practical guidance.
  • A series of meetings (2009-2012) addressed these challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a pragmatic approach for systematic reviews of complex interventions.
  • To provide guidance on incorporating a complexity perspective into reviews.
  • To adapt this approach for primary research and other sectors.

Main Methods:

  • Defining clear research questions as the initial step.
  • Identifying sources of complexity within interventions.
  • Mapping intervention complexity to appropriate evidence sources (quantitative/qualitative).

Main Results:

  • Reviews of complex interventions can be simple or complex based on the research question.
  • A structured approach helps manage complexity in systematic reviews.
  • The methodology is applicable beyond healthcare, including social policy and development.

Conclusions:

  • Systematic reviews should adopt a pragmatic approach to complexity.
  • The principle of Occam's razor applies: explanations should be as complex as necessary.
  • This approach enhances the evaluation of complex interventions in various fields.