Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Blind Procedures02:07

Blind Procedures

Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which child was...
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round end"...
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Quantitative Markers of Neural Changes, Retinal Thickness, and Responses to Electrical Stimulation in Retinal Degeneration.

Ophthalmology science·2026
Same author

A-Site Cation Functional Engineering Enables Lead-free Perovskite Photosynapse for Neuromorphic Visual Computing.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Safety assessment of a soft metal-free silicone peripheral nerve cuff implanted in rat models of neuropathic and inflammatory pain.

The journal of pain·2026
Same author

Reflections on the Safety and Stability of the Second-Generation Suprachoroidal Retinal Prosthesis: Response.

Clinical & experimental ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Computational framework and tools for evaluating engineered channelrhodopsin performance in a degenerated retina.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2025
Same author

Optogenetic stimulation of inner retinal neurons restores retinal computations in a virtual degenerated human retina.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision
09:29

A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision

Published on: February 11, 2014

Visual prostheses for the blind.

Robert K Shepherd1, Mohit N Shivdasani, David A X Nayagam

  • 1Bionics Institute, 384-388 Albert St East Melbourne, 3002, Victoria, Australia; Medical Bionics Department, University of Melbourne, 384-388 Albert St East Melbourne, 3002, Victoria, Australia.

Trends in Biotechnology
|August 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Visual prostheses, after 40 years of research, are transitioning to clinical use, offering prosthetic vision for the blind by stimulating neural pathways. This review covers challenges, existing devices, and the impact of plasticity and training on outcomes.

Keywords:
bionic visionblindnesselectrical stimulationelectrodesneural prosthesis

More Related Videos

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Development of an Audio-based Virtual Gaming Environment to Assist with Navigation Skills in the Blind
09:01

Development of an Audio-based Virtual Gaming Environment to Assist with Navigation Skills in the Blind

Published on: March 27, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision
09:29

A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision

Published on: February 11, 2014

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Development of an Audio-based Virtual Gaming Environment to Assist with Navigation Skills in the Blind
09:01

Development of an Audio-based Virtual Gaming Environment to Assist with Navigation Skills in the Blind

Published on: March 27, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Over 40 years of research have led to visual prostheses moving from labs to clinics.
  • These devices aim to restore vision for the blind by stimulating neural populations in the visual pathway.
  • Significant technical challenges have historically hindered development, including surgical, mechanical, and signal processing issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of visual prostheses, their current status, and future potential.
  • To discuss the pathophysiology of blindness and the mechanisms of prosthetic vision.
  • To explore the perceptual effects, plasticity, and training involved in clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on visual prostheses.
  • Analysis of technical challenges in device development and implementation.
  • Examination of perceptual effects and the role of neuroplasticity and training.

Main Results:

  • Visual prostheses are nearing clinical application after decades of research.
  • Various technical hurdles have been addressed, paving the way for patient use.
  • Understanding of perceptual effects, plasticity, and training is crucial for successful outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Visual prostheses represent a significant advancement in restoring sight to the blind.
  • Continued research and development are essential to overcome remaining challenges.
  • The integration of patient training and understanding neural plasticity will optimize prosthetic vision efficacy.