Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Detection of Functional Matrix Metalloproteinases by Zymography
09:30

Detection of Functional Matrix Metalloproteinases by Zymography

Published on: November 8, 2010

The inhibitory effect of a polymerisable cationic monomer on functional matrix metalloproteinases

Ning Liu1, Fang Li, Yu-Jiang Chen

  • 1Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Changle Xi Road 145, Xi'an 710032, China.

Journal of Dentistry
|August 20, 2013
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Methacryloxylethyl cetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DMAE-CB) effectively inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in both soluble and dentine-bound forms. This compound shows promise for improving dental adhesive durability and restoration longevity.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Materials
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in the degradation of the dentine matrix, potentially compromising the longevity of dental restorations.
  • Quaternary ammonium methacrylates (QAMs) are investigated for their potential inhibitory effects on MMPs.
  • Methacryloxylethyl cetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DMAE-CB) is a specific QAM with potential MMP inhibitory properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of DMAE-CB as an inhibitor of both soluble recombinant MMPs (rhMMP-9) and endogenous MMPs within the dentine matrix.
  • To identify the active anti-MMP functional group within QAMs.
  • To assess the potential of DMAE-CB to improve the durability of dentine bonding.

Main Methods:

  • Colorimetric assays were used to measure the inhibition of rhMMP-9 by various concentrations of DMAE-CB, methyl methacrylate (MMA), and [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride (METMAC).
  • Dentine beams were incubated with DMAE-CB, chlorhexidine, or a control medium.
  • Changes in modulus of elasticity, dry mass loss, and collagen peptide solubilization (hydroxyproline assay) were measured to assess MMP activity in demineralized dentine.

Main Results:

  • DMAE-CB demonstrated significant inhibition of rhMMP-9 at concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 5% (76.56%–97.06% inhibition).
  • DMAE-CB and METMAC showed superior MMP inhibition compared to MMA.
  • Dentine beams treated with 3% DMAE-CB exhibited significantly reduced loss of elasticity and dry mass, and less collagen degradation compared to the control group.

Conclusions:

  • DMAE-CB effectively inhibits both soluble and matrix-bound MMPs.
  • The quaternary ammonium group is identified as the key anti-MMP moiety in QAMs.
  • DMAE-CB holds potential for enhancing dentine bond durability and extending the lifespan of dental restorations.
Keywords:
CollagenDentineHydroxyprolineInhibitorMatrix metalloproteinaseQuaternary ammonium compounds

More Related Videos

Measuring Global Cellular Matrix Metalloproteinase and Metabolic Activity in 3D Hydrogels07:39

Measuring Global Cellular Matrix Metalloproteinase and Metabolic Activity in 3D Hydrogels

Published on: January 22, 2019

Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Poly(ethylene glycol) and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation15:33

Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Poly(ethylene glycol) and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation

Published on: October 29, 2013

Related Concept Videos

Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM01:23

Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM

Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of proteins and glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix. MMPs are essential for the migration and proliferation of cells through the dense matrix network, throughout embryonic development, and throughout morphogenesis. The first MMP activity discovered was a collagenase in a tadpole's tail undergoing metamorphosis. The active collagen deposition and modifications lead to the morphogenesis of tadpoles into the adult body.
A...
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the generated carbocation,...
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...