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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation01:19

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Breathing01:05

Breathing

The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Three-Dimensional Phase Resolved Functional Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging
10:44

Three-Dimensional Phase Resolved Functional Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: June 21, 2024

What are ventilation defects in asthma?

Sarah Svenningsen1, Miranda Kirby, Danielle Starr

  • 1Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, , London, Ontario, Canada.

Thorax
|August 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Asthma patients with hyperpolarized helium-3 MRI ventilation defects are older and have worse airway hyper-responsiveness and inflammation. These ventilation abnormalities correlate with airway remodeling, indicating a link between lung function and structural changes in asthma.

Keywords:
AsthmaImaging/CT MRI etc

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Acquiring Hyperpolarized 129Xe Magnetic Resonance Images of Lung Ventilation
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Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Three-Dimensional Phase Resolved Functional Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Published on: June 21, 2024

Acquiring Hyperpolarized 129Xe Magnetic Resonance Images of Lung Ventilation
09:08

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Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
06:22

Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Published on: April 7, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Hyperpolarized helium-3 MRI visualizes pulmonary functional abnormalities in asthma.
  • These abnormalities are linked to airway morphological changes, but their cause is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the determinants of ventilation defects in asthma.
  • To compare clinical, MRI, and CT airway measurements in asthma patients and healthy individuals.

Main Methods:

  • 34 subjects (26 asthma, 8 healthy) underwent MRI, spirometry, plethysmography, FeNO, and methacholine challenge.
  • CT scans assessed airway wall and lumen area in a subset of subjects.

Main Results:

  • 65% of asthma patients showed pre-bronchoprovocation (3)He ventilation defects.
  • Asthma patients with defects were older and had worse FEV1/FVC, airway resistance, FeNO, and airway wall thickness.
  • Airway wall area correlated with the percentage of ventilation defects.

Conclusions:

  • Asthma patients with (3)He ventilation defects exhibit increased airway hyper-responsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling.
  • Ventilation abnormalities are spatially and quantitatively related to airway remodeling in asthma.