Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bone marrow immunosuppressive states associate with survival after guadecitabine and atezolizumab therapy in HMA-R/R MDS.

Blood neoplasia·2026
Same author

Jump-starting the T cell response in established tumors.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Six-Month Outcomes in Children With COVID-19 or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Hospital pediatrics·2026
Same author

Transcriptional programming of early-forming memory B cells arises independently of cognate CD4+ T-cell interactions.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same author

Xist RNA dependent and independent mechanisms regulate dynamic X chromosome inactivation in B lymphocytes.

Cell reports·2026
Same author

Early-life B cell memory is archived in the mouse B-1 cell compartment and drives chronic lymphocytic leukemia-like disease.

Cell reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images
09:42

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

Published on: September 7, 2017

Global DNA methylation remodeling accompanies CD8 T cell effector function.

Christopher D Scharer1, Benjamin G Barwick, Benjamin A Youngblood

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|August 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetic reprogramming via DNA methylation guides CD8 T cell differentiation during acute infection. This study maps genome-wide DNA methylomes, revealing epigenetic mechanisms crucial for adaptive immunity.

More Related Videos

Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Naïve and Effector CD8 T Cells
06:07

Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Naïve and Effector CD8 T Cells

Published on: March 28, 2025

Determination of Immune Cell Identity and Purity Using Epigenetic-Based Quantitative PCR
08:02

Determination of Immune Cell Identity and Purity Using Epigenetic-Based Quantitative PCR

Published on: February 19, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images
09:42

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

Published on: September 7, 2017

Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Naïve and Effector CD8 T Cells
06:07

Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Naïve and Effector CD8 T Cells

Published on: March 28, 2025

Determination of Immune Cell Identity and Purity Using Epigenetic-Based Quantitative PCR
08:02

Determination of Immune Cell Identity and Purity Using Epigenetic-Based Quantitative PCR

Published on: February 19, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • CD8 T cell differentiation is critical for adaptive immunity, but the underlying epigenetic mechanisms are not fully understood.
  • Effector functions are acquired during CD8 T cell differentiation, yet genome-wide epigenetic programming remains largely unknown.
  • Understanding these epigenetic changes is key to deciphering adaptive immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genome-wide DNA methylome changes during CD8 T cell differentiation following acute infection.
  • To identify epigenetic mechanisms regulating the transition from naive to effector CD8 T cells.
  • To elucidate the role of DNA methylation in controlling CD8 T cell effector function.

Main Methods:

  • DNA methylome analysis of Ag-specific naive and day-8 effector CD8 T cells after lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection.
  • Correlation of DNA methylation changes with gene expression profiles.
  • Identification and analysis of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and their association with cis-regulatory elements and transcription factor binding sites.

Main Results:

  • DNA methylation was remodeled during effector CD8 T cell differentiation, with promoter methylation negatively correlating with gene expression.
  • DMRs were enriched at cis-elements, including enhancers active in naive T cells.
  • Differentially methylated regions were linked to cell type-specific transcription factor binding sites, forming regulatory networks controlling effector function.

Conclusions:

  • DNA methylation remodeling is a key epigenetic mechanism accompanying CD8 T cell effector phenotype acquisition and naive cell state repression.
  • These findings provide a framework for understanding the epigenetic regulation of CD8 T cell differentiation and adaptive immunity.
  • The study highlights the importance of DNA methylation in orchestrating cellular processes and transcription factor networks during immune responses.