Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Acute Inflammation II: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation II: Local and Systemic Effects

Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multiomics prediction and immunogenic validation of personalized neoantigens in cholangiocarcinoma patients.

Journal of translational medicine·2026
Same author

Mitigating Intraoperative Fatigue in Surgeons at High Altitude: A Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial.

High altitude medicine & biology·2026
Same author

Minimizing Implant Rejections through Low-Inflammatory and Immune-Regulatory Biointerfaces.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Wandering spleen.

Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition·2026
Same author

Rethinking nutritional risk in cancer: muscle quality, myosteatosis, and prognosis.

Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition·2026
Same author

Efficacy and safety of drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization combined with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in unresectable gastric cancer with liver metastasis.

Therapeutic advances in medical oncology·2026
Same journal

Association between probiotic prescriptions and the incidence of primary open-angle glaucoma in patients with documented dry eye.

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie·2026
Same journal

Clinical outcomes of 577-nm subthreshold micropulse laser therapy in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: influence of retinal pigment epithelium alterations and baseline OCT characteristics.

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie·2026
Same journal

Effect of ablation-zone diameter on whole-corneal higher-order aberrations after LASEK: a retrospective study.

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie·2026
Same journal

Real-world comparison of faricimab and aflibercept as second-line therapies for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie·2026
Same journal

Retinal imaging for cerebrovascular risk stratification: evidence, limitations, and practical thresholds for the ophthalmologist.

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie·2026
Same journal

Layer-by-layer macular, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and minimum rim width changes in PLWH with undetectable viral load: an OCT-based study.

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
12:50

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

ARMS2 interference leads to decrease of proinflammatory mediators.

Fanxing Zeng, Min Zhang, Yiting Xu

    Graefe'S Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie
    |August 21, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 (ARMS2) gene is linked to inflammation in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Reducing ARMS2 expression lowers key inflammatory mediators, suggesting a role in AMD pathogenesis.

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 8, 2026

    Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
    12:50

    Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

    Published on: September 15, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Genetics
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in the elderly.
    • The ARMS2 gene is a significant genetic risk factor for AMD.
    • Inflammation and oxidative stress are implicated in AMD pathogenesis, but ARMS2's role is unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between the ARMS2 gene and proinflammatory mediators.
    • To assess the biological effects of ARMS2 on inflammatory pathways relevant to AMD.

    Main Methods:

    • siRNA was used to reduce ARMS2 mRNA expression in ARPE-19 cells.
    • Western blotting and real-time PCR confirmed ARMS2 knockdown.
    • ELISA and SYBR Green I real-time PCR measured the expression of C3, C5, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α.

    Main Results:

    • ARMS2 knockdown was successfully achieved and verified.
    • Secreted protein levels of C3, C5, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were significantly reduced following ARMS2 knockdown.
    • Real-time PCR also indicated reduced expression of these inflammatory mediators.

    Conclusions:

    • The ARMS2 risk allele for AMD is associated with proinflammatory mediators.
    • Altered ARMS2 expression impacts C3, C5, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels.
    • This modulation of inflammatory mediators may represent a key mechanism in AMD development.