Age-related changes in spontaneous behavior and learning in NMRI mice from maturity to middle age

Spontaneous behavior and learning and memory of 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-month-old virgin female NMRI mice were compared. Open field activity and spontaneous alternation in a Y-maze decreased in an age-related manner, reaching a statistical level of significance for the groups aged 9 and 12 months. Spatial learning was highly impaired in 9-and 12-month-old mice in the place version of a Morris-type water maze but not in the cued version of this task. Changes in motor activity, swimming ability or speed did not appear to account for these deficits. In a one-trial passive avoidance, performance was more variable, although a deficit in the oldest age group was clearly evident using a cutoff time of 120 sec. The passive avoidance was not attributable to reduced shock sensitivity. Together, these results suggest that the onset of aging in NMRI mice occurs at the age of 9 and particularly 12 months. NMRI mice of this age could, therefore, represent a viable animal model for the study of cognitive impairments in aging.