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Protective Efficacy and Pulmonary Immune Response Following Subcutaneous and Intranasal BCG Administration in Mice

Protective Efficacy and Pulmonary Immune Response Following Subcutaneous and Intranasal BCG Administration in Mice

Published on: September 19, 2016

Mucosal vaccination against tuberculosis using inert bioparticles.

Rajko Reljic¹, Laura Sibley, Jen-Min Huang

¹Infection and Immunity Research Centre, St. George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.

Infection and Immunity

|August 21, 2013

Summary

A novel needle-free vaccine uses bacterial spores to deliver tuberculosis antigens to the respiratory tract. This approach successfully generated immune responses and reduced bacterial load in mice, showing promise for mucosal tuberculosis vaccination.

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Enrichment of Native and Recombinant Extracellular Vesicles of Mycobacteria

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Published on: December 8, 2023

Area of Science:

Immunology
Vaccinology
Biotechnology

Background:

Needle-free mucosal immunization is ideal for respiratory pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Current mucosal vaccines for tuberculosis (TB) face challenges with adjuvants and delivery systems.
Developing effective mucosal delivery platforms is crucial for TB prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel biotechnological approach for needle-free mucosal vaccination against tuberculosis.
To utilize inert bacterial spores as a delivery platform for TB antigens.
To evaluate the efficacy of spore-based mucosal vaccination in a mouse model.

Main Methods:

Coating inert bacterial spores with protective TB antigens.
Administering spore-antigen conjugates via nasal delivery in mice.
Assessing humoral and cellular immune responses, including T cell function.
Quantifying bacterial loads in lungs and spleens post-pathogenic challenge.

Main Results:

Nasal immunization with coated spores induced significant humoral and cellular immune responses.
Multifunctional T cells were generated in response to the spore-based vaccine.
Vaccinated mice exhibited substantially reduced bacterial loads in lungs and spleens.
The platform demonstrated protective efficacy against a Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge.

Conclusions:

The novel spore-based delivery platform is a promising strategy for mucosal vaccination against TB.
This approach overcomes limitations of current TB vaccine delivery systems.
Further development is warranted for potential application against TB and other respiratory pathogens.