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Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
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Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

A Pacing-Controlled Procedure for the Assessment of Heart Rate-Dependent Diastolic Functions in Murine Heart Failure Models
07:49

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Published on: July 21, 2023

Pacing for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy does it work?

Q Zaidi1, H Zaky, O Aljassim

  • 1Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery Center, Dubai Hospital, P.O. Box 21910, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association
|August 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A patient with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) experienced improved symptoms after receiving a dual chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). Right ventricular apical pacing significantly reduced the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) pressure gradient.

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Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
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Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing

Published on: December 11, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is a significant cause of sudden cardiac arrest.
  • Management of HOCM often involves addressing the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of right ventricular apical pacing in managing symptomatic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) in a patient who declined septal myomectomy.

Main Methods:

  • A 69-year-old female patient with HOCM and sudden cardiac arrest received a dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD).
  • The patient was programmed for right ventricular apical pacing with a short atrioventricular (AV) interval.

Main Results:

  • Post-pacing, the maximum pressure gradient across the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) decreased from 117 mmHg to 21 mmHg.
  • The patient reported significant improvement in symptoms during a one-year follow-up period.

Conclusions:

  • Right ventricular apical pacing with a short AV interval can be an effective strategy for reducing the LVOT gradient and improving symptoms in select HOCM patients.
  • This pacing strategy offers an alternative management option for HOCM patients who are not candidates for or decline surgical intervention.