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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira),...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),...
Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
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Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
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Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions

Type II hypersensitivity involves IgG and IgM antibodies targeting cell surface antigens, leading to cell destruction. This can occur through complement activation, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), or acting as opsonins for phagocytosis. When excessive, these reactions cause significant tissue damage.Drug-induced hemolytic anemia is a common example, where drugs like penicillin or cephalosporins bind to red blood cells, forming drug-protein complexes. These complexes...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Development of Stem Cell-derived Antigen-specific Regulatory T Cells Against Autoimmunity
10:10

Development of Stem Cell-derived Antigen-specific Regulatory T Cells Against Autoimmunity

Published on: November 8, 2016

[Tocilizumab].

Koichi Amano1

  • 1Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|August 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Tocilizumab (TCZ) targets interleukin-6 (IL-6) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients resistant to other treatments. Pre-treatment screening for infections and careful monitoring post-initiation are crucial for safe and effective RA management.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is central to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis.
  • Tocilizumab (TCZ) is a unique biologic targeting the IL-6 receptor.
  • TCZ offers an option for RA patients refractory to conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and anti-TNF therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role and application of Tocilizumab (TCZ) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management.
  • To highlight the importance of pre-treatment screening and post-treatment monitoring for TCZ therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on IL-6's role in RA.
  • Analysis of TCZ's efficacy in DMARD-resistant and anti-TNF-resistant RA.
  • Summary of recommended screening protocols and monitoring parameters for TCZ therapy.

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Development of Stem Cell-derived Antigen-specific Regulatory T Cells Against Autoimmunity
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Development of Stem Cell-derived Antigen-specific Regulatory T Cells Against Autoimmunity

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Development of Recombinant Proteins to Treat Chronic Pain
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Development of Recombinant Proteins to Treat Chronic Pain

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Main Results:

  • TCZ is effective as monotherapy and in combination for RA patients with treatment resistance.
  • Pre-treatment screening for tuberculosis, hepatitis B, and fungal/Pneumocystis infections is essential.
  • Monitoring for infections, allergic reactions, and laboratory parameters (WBC, LFTs, lipids) is required during TCZ treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Tocilizumab represents a valuable therapeutic option for specific RA patient populations.
  • Comprehensive screening and vigilant monitoring are critical to optimize TCZ safety and efficacy in RA treatment.