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Related Concept Videos

Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal crystal...

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X-ray Powder Diffraction in Conservation Science: Towards Routine Crystal Structure Determination of Corrosion Products on Heritage Art Objects
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Determination of absolute configuration using single crystal X-ray diffraction.

Abigail L Albright1, Jonathan M White

  • 1School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|August 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Determining a molecule's absolute configuration using X-ray crystallography can be challenging. This guide offers practical tips to improve success rates for chiral natural products.

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Single crystal X-ray crystallography is a primary method for elucidating 3D molecular structures.
  • While relative stereochemistry is often straightforward, determining absolute configuration presents difficulties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide practical advice for enhancing the success rate of determining absolute configuration.
  • Focuses on chiral, enantiomerically pure natural products.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes single crystal X-ray diffraction data.
  • Employs established crystallographic techniques.

Main Results:

  • Offers actionable strategies to overcome challenges in absolute configuration determination.
  • Aims to increase the reliability of X-ray crystallography for this specific application.

Conclusions:

  • Successful determination of absolute configuration is achievable with careful application of recommended techniques.
  • X-ray crystallography remains a vital tool for definitive structural analysis of chiral molecules.