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Related Concept Videos

Projectile Motion: Example01:18

Projectile Motion: Example

The theory of projectile motion is very useful for players of several sports to improve their performance. For example, a javelin thrower needs to throw their javelin in such a way that it travels as far as possible. The javelin thrower takes a short run-up to increase the initial speed of the javelin. The range of a projectile is at its maximum at a 45° angle so javelin throwers try to angle their throw as close to 45° as possible.
When we speak of the range (R) of a projectile on level...
Projectile Motion01:20

Projectile Motion

An object thrown in the air follows a parabolic path under the influence of Earth's gravitational force. The motion of such an object is called projectile motion, and the object itself a projectile. The parabolic path followed by the projectile is called the trajectory. Some common examples of projectile motion are the launching of fireworks, a golf ball in the air, meteors entering the Earth's atmosphere, and the firing of bullets.
When an object falls under gravity and has no horizontal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles
09:27

An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles

Published on: August 25, 2020

Arm trajectory modifications during reaching towards visual targets.

T Flash, E Henis

    Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
    |August 23, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    When a target changes mid-movement, the brain doesn't restart the plan. Instead, it vectorially adds the new target information to the existing arm movement plan, enabling rapid adjustments.

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    Last Updated: May 8, 2026

    An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles
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    Published on: August 25, 2020

    Frame-by-Frame Video Analysis of Idiosyncratic Reach-to-Grasp Movements in Humans
    10:51

    Frame-by-Frame Video Analysis of Idiosyncratic Reach-to-Grasp Movements in Humans

    Published on: January 15, 2018

    Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
    09:49

    Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

    Published on: April 16, 2014

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Motor Control
    • Human Movement Analysis

    Background:

    • Previous research shows rapid, successive aimed arm movements are possible.
    • The precise mechanism for adapting movements to sudden target changes remains unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate how aimed arm movements are modified when target locations change mid-execution.
    • To determine the underlying motor planning strategy for rapid movement adaptation.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of human arm movements under conditions of sudden target displacement.
    • Comparison of observed movement patterns with different motor planning models.

    Main Results:

    • Observed arm movements are not explained by aborting and replanning.
    • Movement modifications are consistent with a new plan being vectorially added to the original plan.

    Conclusions:

    • Arm movement adaptation involves adding new movement plans to existing ones, not complete replanning.
    • This supports the concept of parallel planning and internal representation of hand motion in space.