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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Investigating Causal Brain-behavioral Relationships and their Time Course
11:33

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Investigating Causal Brain-behavioral Relationships and their Time Course

Published on: July 18, 2014

Localizing arithmetic processes in the brain: evidence from a transient deficit during cortical stimulation.

J Whalen1, M McCloskey, R P Lesser

  • 1The Johns Hopkins University.

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
|August 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study used cortical stimulation to disrupt brain activity, finding that disrupting the left parietal lobe impaired arithmetic fact retrieval. This supports the left parietal lobe's role in recalling multiplication facts.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Cognitive processes in simple arithmetic are increasingly understood, but their brain localization remains unclear.
  • Arithmetic fact retrieval, specifically recalling multiplication tables, is a key cognitive process.
  • Previous hypotheses suggest the left parietal lobe's involvement in arithmetic fact retrieval.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the brain localization of arithmetic fact retrieval.
  • To determine if the left parietal lobe is critical for recalling multiplication facts.
  • To examine the causal role of specific brain regions in arithmetic processing.

Main Methods:

  • A single-patient study utilizing direct cortical stimulation.
  • Transient disruption of brain activity in localized cortical regions.
  • Assessment of performance on simple multiplication problems during stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Cortical stimulation at a left parietal site significantly impaired performance on multiplication tasks.
  • The observed impairment was directly linked to the disruption of arithmetic fact retrieval.
  • This provides evidence for stimulation-induced disruption of memory recall for arithmetic facts.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the hypothesis that the left parietal lobe is critically involved in arithmetic fact retrieval.
  • Direct cortical stimulation offers a method to causally link brain regions to specific cognitive functions.
  • Further research can build on this to explore the neural basis of mathematical cognition.