Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Menopause01:28

Menopause

Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Correction: Schwab et al. Spatial Raman Spectroscopy to Characterize (Sulfated) Glycosaminoglycans in Human Articular Cartilage. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2025, <i>26</i>, 9875.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Potential of SERS and proteomics for biomarker detection in cancer cells.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026
Same author

Do diabetes and hypertension mediate the association of air pollution with the incidence of end-stage kidney disease? Results from two large European cohorts.

The Science of the total environment·2026
Same author

Increased Osteocyte Lacunae Size and Organic Matrix Pyridinoline Content in Transiliac Bone from Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis (axSpA).

Calcified tissue international·2025
Same author

Spatial Raman Spectroscopy to Characterize (Sulfated) Glycosaminoglycans in Human Articular Cartilage.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025
Same author

Association of air pollution with incidence of end-stage kidney disease in two large European cohorts.

The Science of the total environment·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model
06:59

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model

Published on: September 8, 2023

Transmenopausal changes in trabecular bone quality.

Sonja Gamsjaeger1, Wolfgang Brozek, Robert Recker

  • 1Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria.

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
|August 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Menopause alters bone material properties, specifically the mineral/matrix ratio at forming surfaces and proteoglycan content at resorbing surfaces. These changes occur without affecting overall bone mineral content or quality.

Keywords:
BONE QUALITYMENOPAUSERAMAN MICROSPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS

More Related Videos

Outer-Boundary Assisted Segmentation and Quantification of Trabecular Bones by an Imagej Plugin
09:36

Outer-Boundary Assisted Segmentation and Quantification of Trabecular Bones by an Imagej Plugin

Published on: March 14, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model
06:59

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model

Published on: September 8, 2023

Outer-Boundary Assisted Segmentation and Quantification of Trabecular Bones by an Imagej Plugin
09:36

Outer-Boundary Assisted Segmentation and Quantification of Trabecular Bones by an Imagej Plugin

Published on: March 14, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Orthopedics
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Bone strength is determined by bone quantity and quality.
  • Bone quality encompasses structural and material properties, influenced by bone turnover rates.
  • Menopause is associated with significantly increased bone remodeling rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in bone material properties attributable to menopause.
  • To analyze alterations in mineral/matrix ratio, proteoglycan, lipid, mineral maturity, and collagen cross-link content in trabecular bone.
  • To assess these changes in relation to bone surface metabolic activity and tissue age.

Main Methods:

  • Raman microspectroscopic analysis of iliac crest bone biopsies.
  • Spatial resolution of 1 µm applied to samples obtained before and immediately after menopause.
  • Determination of mineral/matrix ratio, proteoglycan, lipid, mineral maturity/crystallinity, and pyridinoline collagen cross-link content.

Main Results:

  • Significant changes in the mineral/matrix ratio were observed at active bone-forming surfaces.
  • Alterations in relative proteoglycan content were detected at bone-resorbing surfaces.
  • No significant changes in overall mineral content or quality were indicated by Raman microspectroscopic analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Menopause induces specific changes in bone material properties at different bone surfaces.
  • These menopausal changes affect the mineral/matrix balance and proteoglycan levels.
  • Bone quality, as assessed by Raman microspectroscopy, remains largely unaltered immediately post-menopause.