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High-resolution Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Human Subcortex In Vivo and Postmortem

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Human cerebral cortex: localization, parcellation, and morphometry with magnetic resonance imaging.

J Rademacher, A M Galaburda, D N Kennedy

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

|August 24, 2013

Summary

This study introduces a novel brain parcellation system using functional anatomy and magnetic resonance imaging. It aids in studying brain asymmetries and lesion localization in cognitive neuroscience research.

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Published on: November 10, 2015

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Neuroimaging

Background:

Investigating hemispheric asymmetries and lesion localization is crucial in cognitive neuroscience.
Existing methods for brain parcellation have limitations in functional and anatomical detail.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a new system for human brain parcellation based on functional cortical anatomy.
To enable quantitative analysis of hemispheric asymmetries and lesion localization using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Main Methods:

Developed a neural systems-oriented model for cortical subdivision, primarily using "limiting fissures" as boundaries.
Utilized a set of coronal planes keyed to anatomical landmarks to define parcellation subdivisions.
Employed computational reconstruction of MRI data for multi-planar analysis and digitization of fissure patterns.

Main Results:

Applied the method to define the surface anatomy of cerebral hemispheres in a normal subject.
Compared volumetric measurements of cortical regions with previously derived areal percentiles.
Demonstrated the system's utility in analyzing interhemispheric differences and interindividual variations in cortical anatomy.

Conclusions:

The described parcellation system offers a robust method for analyzing human brain anatomy.
This approach supports detailed investigations into brain asymmetries and localization of cognitive functions or lesions.
The system provides a foundation for future quantitative studies in cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging.