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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty

Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty

Published on: July 24, 2013

Association between frailty and dementia: a population-based study.

Jenni Kulmala¹, Irma Nykänen, Minna Mänty

¹Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.

|August 24, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Frailty is strongly linked to cognitive decline and dementia in older adults. This study suggests cognitive impairment may be a key feature of frailty, warranting its inclusion in the definition.

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Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty

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Frailty Assessment in an Aging Mouse Model

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Published on: September 23, 2025

Area of Science:

Gerontology
Neurology
Public Health

Background:

Frailty is a recognized geriatric syndrome characterized by decreased physiological reserve and increased vulnerability.
The inclusion of cognitive impairment in frailty definitions is debated, lacking robust evidence on its association with cognitive decline.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the cross-sectional association between frailty and cognitive impairment or diagnosed dementia in older individuals.

Main Methods:

A cohort of 654 individuals aged 76-100 years was assessed for frailty using Cardiovascular Health Study criteria.
Cognitive function was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and dementia was diagnosed by specialists.
Logistic regression models were employed to analyze the relationship between frailty status and cognitive outcomes.

Main Results:

14% of participants were classified as frail. Cognitive impairment (MMSE <25) affected 26%, and 21% had diagnosed dementia.
Frail individuals were significantly more likely to have cognitive impairment (OR 7.8) and any dementia (OR 8.0).
Strong associations were found between frailty and Alzheimer's disease (OR 4.5) and vascular dementia (OR 5.6).

Conclusions:

Frailty is strongly associated with cognitive impairment and diagnosed dementia in individuals aged 76 and older.
Cognitive impairment may represent a clinical manifestation of frailty.
Consideration should be given to incorporating cognitive impairment into the definition of frailty.