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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Nerves: Overview and Anatomy01:19

Cranial Nerves: Overview and Anatomy

The cranial nerves are an important part of the complex network of nerves in the human body. These nerves emerge directly from the brain and are responsible for transmitting essential information between the brain and various parts of the head and neck. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves, systematically numbered using Roman numerals from I to XII, beginning from the anterior and moving to the posterior of the brain. Each cranial nerve is uniquely identified by names that reflect its function...
Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Cranial Nerves: Types Part II01:22

Cranial Nerves: Types Part II

Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)
Cranial nerve VII, or the facial nerve,...
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
Cranial Part of Parasympathetic Division01:18

Cranial Part of Parasympathetic Division

The cranial part of the parasympathetic division plays a crucial role in regulating the visceral functions of the head and specific structures in the neck, thoracic, and abdominopelvic cavities. Preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division exit the brain through cranial nerves III (oculomotor), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), and X (vagus), delivering parasympathetic output to the respective visceral structures.
The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) alone accounts for approximately 75...

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Neuropharmacological Manipulation of Restrained and Free-flying Honey Bees, Apis mellifera
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Published on: November 26, 2016

An isolated bee sting involving multiple cranial nerves.

Hassan Motamed1, Arash Forouzan, Fatemeh Rasooli

  • 1Emergency Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

Case Reports in Emergency Medicine
|August 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Rare Hymenoptera stings can cause serious neurological complications. A bee sting case study revealed temporary bilateral blindness and cranial nerve involvement, which significantly improved with conservative therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Hymenoptera stings are typically self-limiting or cause allergic reactions.
  • Rarely, Hymenoptera envenomation can lead to severe complications affecting multiple organ systems.
  • The precise mechanisms of Hymenoptera-induced peripheral nervous system damage remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of bilateral blindness and cranial nerve palsy following a Hymenoptera sting.
  • To discuss the potential neurological complications of Hymenoptera envenomation.
  • To highlight the importance of conservative management in such cases.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a patient experiencing adverse effects after a bee sting.
  • Clinical examination focusing on visual acuity, ocular motility, and neurological deficits.
  • Documentation of symptoms, diagnostic findings, and treatment response.

Main Results:

  • A patient developed temporary bilateral blindness and restricted eye movement after a bee sting on the face.
  • Cranial nerve involvement (II, V, VI) was identified.
  • Significant visual and neurological improvement was observed after one year of conservative therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Hymenoptera stings, though often benign, can precipitate rare but severe neurological and ophthalmological complications.
  • Prompt recognition and conservative management can lead to substantial recovery in cases of Hymenoptera-induced neuro-ophthalmopathy.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the pathophysiology of Hymenoptera venom-induced nervous system damage.