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Related Concept Videos

The Hall Effect01:30

The Hall Effect

Edwin H. Hall, in the year 1879, devised an experiment that could be used to identify the polarity of the predominant charge carriers in a conducting material. From a historical perspective, this experiment was the first to demonstrate that the charge carriers in most metals are negative.
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment00:59

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment

All atomic nuclei are positively charged. When they have a nonzero spin, they behave like rotating charges. As a consequence of their charge and spin, these nuclei generate a magnetic field (B). This, in turn, gives rise to a magnetic moment (μ), which is randomly oriented in the absence of an external magnetic field. When an external magnetic field (B0) is applied, the magnetic moment vectors can align with the field or against it in 2 + 1 orientations. A hydrogen nucleus, which is just a...
Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis. This...

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Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
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Inverse spin Hall effect in a ferromagnetic metal.

B F Miao1, S Y Huang, D Qu

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|August 27, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers observed the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) in ferromagnetic permalloy (Py) on yttrium iron garnet (YIG). This finding opens new possibilities for pure spin current detectors and spintronic applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Spintronics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • The inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) is typically observed in nonmagnetic metals with strong spin-orbit coupling.
  • Previous studies have limited ISHE observation to nonmagnetic materials like platinum and gold.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) in a ferromagnetic metal.
  • To explore the potential of ferromagnetic materials for spin current detection.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated ISHE in a permalloy (Py) on yttrium iron garnet (YIG) heterostructure.
  • Controlled spin current injection by modifying the Py-YIG interface.
  • Determined the spin Hall angle in Py films of varying thicknesses.

Main Results:

  • Successfully observed ISHE in a ferromagnetic metal (permalloy).
  • Demonstrated ISHE as the reciprocal phenomenon of the anomalous Hall effect.
  • Quantified a significant spin Hall angle in permalloy.

Conclusions:

  • Ferromagnetic metals can exhibit the inverse spin Hall effect.
  • Permalloy shows promise as a sensitive pure spin current detector.
  • The findings suggest broader applications for ferromagnetic metals in spintronics.