Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Skeletal progenitor LRP1 deficiency causes severe and persistent skeletal defects with Wnt pathway dysregulation.

Bone research·2025
Same author

A Comprehensive Proteomic and Bioinformatic Analysis of Human Spinal Cord Injury Plasma Identifies Proteins Associated with the Complement Cascade and Liver Function as Potential Prognostic Indicators of Neurological Outcome.

Journal of neurotrauma·2024
Same author

Defining an Ageing-Related Pathology, Disease or Syndrome: International Consensus Statement.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2024
Same author

Current clinical opinion on surgical approaches and rehabilitation of hand flexor tendon injury-a questionnaire study.

Frontiers in medical technology·2024
Same author

Proteome and phospholipidome interrelationship of synovial fluid-derived extracellular vesicles in equine osteoarthritis: An exploratory 'multi-omics' study to identify composite biomarkers.

Biochemistry and biophysics reports·2024
Same author

The use of technology in the subcategorisation of osteoarthritis: a Delphi study approach.

Osteoarthritis and cartilage open·2022
Same journal

Plasma proteome differences between giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica: a pilot study.

Arthritis research & therapy·2026
Same journal

Elucidating the mechanism of taurine in alleviating osteoarthritis progression based on bioinformatics, machine learning algorithm, and experimental validation.

Arthritis research & therapy·2026
Same journal

Discovery of biomarkers for primary Sj ögren's syndrome based on multi-omics data, construction of diagnostic models, and clinical correlation analysis.

Arthritis research & therapy·2026
Same journal

Identification of distinct subgroups in Chinese patients with Behçet's syndrome via cluster analysis of immune cells and clinical features.

Arthritis research & therapy·2026
Same journal

Artemisinin increases susceptibility to ferroptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis.

Arthritis research & therapy·2026
Same journal

Tripartite motif containing 21 autoimmunity primes CD8<sup>+</sup> cell-mediated lung inflammation: an in vivo model of interstitial lung disease pathogenesis.

Arthritis research & therapy·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Software-Assisted Quantitative Measurement of Osteoarthritic Subchondral Bone Thickness
08:52

Software-Assisted Quantitative Measurement of Osteoarthritic Subchondral Bone Thickness

Published on: March 18, 2022

Transcriptomic signatures in cartilage ageing.

Mandy Peffers, Xuan Liu, Peter Clegg

    Arthritis Research & Therapy
    |August 27, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Age-related changes in horse cartilage involve altered gene expression, including reduced extracellular matrix and Wnt signaling. This study provides a global view of the aging cartilage transcriptome.

    More Related Videos

    Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants
    08:42

    Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants

    Published on: January 7, 2019

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 8, 2026

    Software-Assisted Quantitative Measurement of Osteoarthritic Subchondral Bone Thickness
    08:52

    Software-Assisted Quantitative Measurement of Osteoarthritic Subchondral Bone Thickness

    Published on: March 18, 2022

    Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants
    08:42

    Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants

    Published on: January 7, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Genomics
    • Veterinary Science

    Background:

    • Osteoarthritis development is significantly influenced by age.
    • Microarray analysis offers insights into cartilage aging but misses noncoding RNAs.
    • RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) provides a comprehensive transcriptomic profile, including noncoding RNAs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the molecular mechanisms behind age-related changes in gene expression within cartilage.
    • To identify age-associated alterations in the chondrocyte transcriptome.
    • To investigate the impact of aging on cartilage molecular signatures.

    Main Methods:

    • RNA isolation from young (4 years) and old (>15 years) horses' metacarpophalangeal joints.
    • RNA-Seq library preparation with ribosomal RNA depletion and Illumina HiSeq 2000 sequencing.
    • Differential gene expression analysis using generalized linear models and Benjamini-Hochberg correction, followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis.

    Main Results:

    • Significant differential expression of 396 transcribed elements (mRNAs, small noncoding RNAs, pseudogenes, microRNA) between young and old cartilage.
    • Older cartilage showed reduced expression of extracellular matrix components, degradative proteases, synthetic enzymes, cytokines, and growth factors.
    • A notable reduction in Wnt signaling pathways was observed in aging cartilage.

    Conclusions:

    • Age-related dysregulation of matrix, anabolic, and catabolic factors in cartilage.
    • This study enhances understanding of transcriptional networks in cartilage aging.
    • Provides a global transcriptomic perspective on cartilage aging in horses.