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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...

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DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat
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DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat

Published on: February 27, 2014

Nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics and inflammatory bowel diseases.

Lynnette R Ferguson1

  • 1Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand and Nutrigenomics New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand. l.ferguson@auckland.ac.nz

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology
|August 27, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves genetic susceptibility interacting with environmental factors like diet. Personalized nutrition through nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics offers potential for IBD prevention and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Genetics
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders.
  • The etiology of IBD is multifactorial, involving genetic predisposition and environmental influences such as diet and gut microbiota composition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the intricate relationship between genetic factors, environmental influences, and dietary interventions in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • To highlight the potential of nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics in personalizing nutrition for IBD management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) implicating over 160 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in IBD susceptibility.
  • Analysis of pathways involved in IBD pathogenesis to inform targeted dietary strategies.
  • Examination of the impact of diet on epigenetics and gut microbiota.

Main Results:

  • Genetic susceptibility plays a key role in IBD development, interacting with environmental factors.
  • Dietary interventions show promise for IBD management, tailored to individual genetic profiles.
  • Epigenetics and gut microbiota are modifiable by diet, influencing disease course.

Conclusions:

  • Personalized nutrition, guided by nutrigenetics, can aid in the prevention and treatment of IBD.
  • Nutrigenomics provides insights into disease mechanisms and individual nutrient responses, paving the way for tailored therapies.