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Related Experiment Videos

Does personality predict long-term outcome in depression?

C F Duggan1, A S Lee, R M Murray

  • 1Genetics Section, Institute of Psychiatry, Denmark Hill, London.

The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science
|July 1, 1990
PubMed
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Personality traits like neuroticism and obsessional interference in patients with depression predict long-term outcomes. High neuroticism and obsessional scores correlate with poorer prognosis and chronicity, impacting social adjustment and hospitalisation duration.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Longitudinal Studies

Background:

  • Depression is a significant mental health condition with varying long-term outcomes.
  • Understanding predictors of depression chronicity and prognosis is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the predictive power of personality measures and a neurotic-psychotic continuum score on the long-term outcomes of depression.
  • To assess the relationship between baseline psychological assessments and subsequent illness course and social adjustment.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 89 in-patients diagnosed with depression in 1965/66 were assessed using the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) and the Levitt Obsessional Interference (LOI) scale.
  • Patients were also scored on a Depression Inpatient (DI) scale, measuring a neurotic-psychotic continuum.

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  • The cohort was followed up for 18 years to evaluate long-term outcomes, including chronicity, social adjustment, and subsequent psychiatric episodes.

    • Main Results:

    • High neuroticism scores on the EPI, especially when referring to the pre-morbid state, were associated with poor overall outcome and chronicity.
    • Elevated obsessional interference scores on the LOI upon recovery predicted poor long-term outcome, impaired social adjustment, and increased hospitalisation.
    • High psychotic scores on the DI were linked to adverse long-term outcomes, longer hospital stays, and the development of bipolar affective disorder, independent of personality measures.

    Conclusions:

    • Baseline personality traits and neurotic-psychotic continuum scores are significant predictors of long-term outcomes in depression.
    • Neuroticism and obsessional interference are particularly associated with chronicity and poorer functional recovery.
    • Psychoticism scores independently predict adverse outcomes and specific affective disorders, highlighting the heterogeneity of depression prognosis.