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Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...

Appendicitis

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

Pyloric Obstruction

Pyloric Obstruction

Pyloric obstruction, also referred to as gastric outlet obstruction, is a condition characterized by narrowing or blockage at the pylorus—the muscular valve regulating the flow of stomach contents into the duodenum. When this passage becomes impaired, the stomach cannot effectively empty its contents into the small intestine. This disruption leads to a range of gastrointestinal symptoms, including early satiety, bloating, epigastric pain, postprandial nausea, persistent vomiting, and...

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

A Mouse Model of Intestinal Partial Obstruction

A Mouse Model of Intestinal Partial Obstruction

Published on: March 5, 2018

Mesenteric lipoma causing recurrent intestinal obstruction.

M O Enyinnah¹, C C Umezurike

¹Department of Surgery, Federal Medical Center, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria.

Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice

|August 27, 2013

Summary

Mesenteric lipomas are rare tumors. This case highlights a huge mesenteric lipoma causing chronic abdominal pain and obstruction, emphasizing the need for high suspicion in diagnosis.

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Surgical Oncology
Abdominal Imaging

Background:

Lipomas are common benign tumors, but mesenteric lipomas are exceptionally rare.
Recurrent abdominal pain, vomiting, and constipation can indicate gastrointestinal obstruction.

Observation:

A 29-year-old male presented with a decade-long history of intermittent abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, and a palpable abdominal mass.
Exploratory laparotomy identified a large, smooth, yellow mass within the mesentery of the mid-ileum.

Findings:

Surgical resection of the affected ileal segment with end-to-end anastomosis was performed.
Histopathological examination confirmed the mass as a lipoma.

Implications:

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

A Mouse Model of Intestinal Partial Obstruction

A Mouse Model of Intestinal Partial Obstruction

Published on: March 5, 2018

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia

Published on: July 21, 2023

Mesenteric lipoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with recurrent intestinal obstruction symptoms and an abdominal mass.

Enhanced pre-operative diagnostic capabilities and treatment strategies are crucial, particularly in African secondary healthcare settings.