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Related Concept Videos

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Recording Brain Electromagnetic Activity During the Administration of the Gaseous Anesthetic Agents Xenon and Nitrous Oxide in Healthy Volunteers
14:52

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Published on: January 13, 2018

Changes in effective connectivity by propofol sedation.

Francisco Gómez1, Christophe Phillips, Andrea Soddu

  • 1Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University and University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium.

Plos One
|August 27, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Propofol anesthesia reduces consciousness by altering brain connectivity. This study reveals propofol increases local inhibition and decreases effective connectivity in the auditory system during unconsciousness.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Anesthesiology
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • The mechanisms of propofol-induced loss of consciousness are not fully understood.
  • Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies indicate reduced functional connectivity during propofol-induced unconsciousness.
  • Functional connectivity analysis lacks directional information on brain dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in effective connectivity within the auditory system during propofol-induced loss of consciousness in healthy humans.
  • To utilize fMRI with Dynamic Causal Modeling (fMRI-DCM) to assess propofol's influence on causal connectivity in the auditory system.
  • To explore the directional dynamics of brain activity changes during anesthetic-induced unconsciousness.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy human participants undergoing an auditory task.
  • Administration of propofol to induce loss of consciousness.
  • fMRI data acquisition and analysis using Dynamic Causal Modeling for fMRI (fMRI-DCM).

Main Results:

  • Propofol anesthesia led to changes in effective connectivity within the auditory system.
  • A combination of increased local inhibitory connectivity and decreased effective connectivity in sensory cortices was observed.
  • These findings provide insights into the directional brain dynamics during propofol-induced unconsciousness.

Conclusions:

  • Propofol-induced unconsciousness is associated with specific alterations in effective brain connectivity within the auditory system.
  • The observed changes involve both local network modifications and broader sensory cortex connectivity.
  • This study enhances our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying anesthetic-induced loss of consciousness.