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Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
Unrenewable Cells00:50

Unrenewable Cells

In humans, the photoreceptor cells of the eye and sensory hair cells of the ear lack stem cells. These cells are thus unrenewable and cannot be replaced when they are damaged or destroyed.
Photoreceptors
The retina is composed of several layers and contains specialized cells called photoreceptors. The photoreceptors (rods and cones) change their membrane potential when stimulated by light energy. There are two types of photoreceptors—rods and cones—which differ in the shape of their outer...
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...

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Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
09:44

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Published on: January 25, 2016

Hearing loss after head injury.

L K Kochhar1, R C Deka, S K Kacker

  • 1Department of O.R.L., All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.

Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal
|August 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Head injuries can cause hearing loss in 40% of patients. Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing revealed sensorineural hearing loss, often affecting the inner ear.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Audiology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Head injuries are a common cause of trauma.
  • Hearing impairment is a potential consequence of head trauma, but its characteristics are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence and patterns of hearing loss in patients with head injuries.
  • To investigate the utility of Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing in assessing hearing deficits post-trauma.

Main Methods:

  • Audiometric evaluations were performed on 60 head injury patients.
  • Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing was conducted on a subset of 10 patients.
  • Analysis of audiometric patterns and ABR results, including Interpeak Latencies (IPLs).

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Main Results:

  • 40% of head injury patients exhibited some degree of hearing loss.
  • Conductive hearing loss was infrequent (5%), with sensorineural hearing loss being more common.
  • ABR testing indicated involvement of the cochlear end organ in most sensorineural cases.
  • ABR results and IPL analysis suggested retrocochlear lesions and recruitment.

Conclusions:

  • Head injuries frequently lead to hearing loss, predominantly sensorineural.
  • ABR testing is valuable for identifying the site of lesion in hearing loss following head trauma.
  • The cochlear end organ and retrocochlear pathways are implicated in hearing deficits after head injury.