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Hearing loss after head injury.

L K Kochhar1, R C Deka, S K Kacker

  • 1Department of O.R.L., All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.

Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal
|August 1, 1990
PubMed
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Head injuries can cause hearing loss in 40% of patients. Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing revealed sensorineural hearing loss, often affecting the inner ear.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Audiology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Head injuries are a common cause of trauma.
  • Hearing impairment is a potential consequence of head trauma, but its characteristics are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence and patterns of hearing loss in patients with head injuries.
  • To investigate the utility of Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing in assessing hearing deficits post-trauma.

Main Methods:

  • Audiometric evaluations were performed on 60 head injury patients.
  • Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing was conducted on a subset of 10 patients.
  • Analysis of audiometric patterns and ABR results, including Interpeak Latencies (IPLs).

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Main Results:

  • 40% of head injury patients exhibited some degree of hearing loss.
  • Conductive hearing loss was infrequent (5%), with sensorineural hearing loss being more common.
  • ABR testing indicated involvement of the cochlear end organ in most sensorineural cases.
  • ABR results and IPL analysis suggested retrocochlear lesions and recruitment.

Conclusions:

  • Head injuries frequently lead to hearing loss, predominantly sensorineural.
  • ABR testing is valuable for identifying the site of lesion in hearing loss following head trauma.
  • The cochlear end organ and retrocochlear pathways are implicated in hearing deficits after head injury.