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[TMJ lesions. Dysfunction and occlusion. Radiographic study].

U Capurso1

  • 1Università degli Studi di Torino.

Dental Cadmos
|June 15, 1990
PubMed
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Rheumatoid arthritis frequently affects the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), causing structural and functional issues. Clinical dysfunction and occlusal state showed a complex relationship with TMJ involvement in these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Rheumatology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that can affect various joints, including the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).
  • TMJ involvement in RA can lead to pain, dysfunction, and altered joint morphology.
  • Understanding the prevalence and characteristics of TMJ involvement in RA is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).
  • To investigate the relationship between TMJ structural and functional changes and clinical dysfunction and occlusal state.
  • To evaluate articular shape and structural changes in the TMJ of RA patients.

Main Methods:

  • A tomographic investigation was conducted on 51 randomly selected patients diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

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  • Measurements included the relationship between the condyle and fossa in intercuspal position and during jaw opening.
  • Articular shape and structural integrity of the TMJ were evaluated, assessing for injuries.

    • Main Results:

    • A high prevalence of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement was observed in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients.
    • Only 4% of the evaluated TMJs were found to be uninjured, indicating widespread structural changes.
    • Reduced protrusive condylar path and significant structural/functional alterations were common findings.

    Conclusions:

    • The study confirms a significant incidence of both structural and functional temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).
    • Subjective symptoms and dental status appeared relatively independent of TMJ changes.
    • This suggests a heterogeneous multifactorial etiology for masticatory dysfunction in RA patients.