Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats
05:34

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats

Published on: April 4, 2025

Women and CKD-mineral and bone disorder

L Tammy Ho1, Stuart M Sprague

  • 1NorthShore University HealthSystem, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Evanston, IL 60201, USA. tho@northshore.org

Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
|August 28, 2013
PubMed

Insights

CKD-mineral and bone disorder (MBD) impacts both men and women with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Gender disparities in MBD, phosphorus, and FGF-23 levels may affect outcomes, particularly in women.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Metabolism

Background:

  • CKD-mineral and bone disorder (MBD) is a significant complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, increasing morbidity and mortality.
  • Gender differences in cardiovascular disease incidence and extraskeletal calcification are observed in the general population and persist in CKD.
  • Existing research highlights gender disparities in phosphorus and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) levels within the CKD population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical significance of gender differences in CKD-MBD.
  • To explore the association between phosphorus, FGF-23, and mortality, specifically in women with CKD.
  • To evaluate the applicability of traditional bone disease understanding and interventions in women with CKD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on gender differences in CKD-MBD.
  • Analysis of data on phosphorus, FGF-23, and mortality in CKD populations, with a focus on sex-specific outcomes.
  • Assessment of the limitations of current diagnostic tools like bone densitometry in women with CKD.

Main Results:

  • Gender disparities in CKD-MBD, phosphorus, and FGF-23 are evident and linked to mortality risk.
  • The association between elevated phosphorus and FGF-23 and mortality is well-established in the overall CKD population but less understood in women.
  • Traditional approaches to bone disease management may not be fully effective or applicable to women with CKD.

Conclusions:

  • Gender-specific factors significantly influence CKD-MBD and its associated outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms driving these gender differences in women with CKD.
  • Tailored diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are likely required for managing bone and mineral disorders in women with CKD.

Keywords:
CKD-mineral bone disorderFibroblast growth factor-23Kidney osteodystrophyPhosphorus

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of fluid...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
What is the Skeletal System?01:02

What is the Skeletal System?

Overview