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Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment
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Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment

Published on: June 23, 2019

HIV infection is associated with reduced pulmonary diffusing capacity.

Kristina Crothers1, Kathleen McGinnis, Eric Kleerup

  • 1*Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; †Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; ‡Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; §Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) and Emory University, Atlanta, GA; ‖Department of Medicine, West Los Angeles VAMC and David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA; ¶Department of Medicine, James J. Peters Bronx VAMC, Bronx, NY; #Department of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey Houston VAMC and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; **Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; ††Department of Medicine, Clinical Trials and Survey Corporation, Owings Mills, MD; ‡‡Department of Medicine, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; §§Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; ‖‖Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; ¶¶Departments of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology; and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and ##Departments of Medicine and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999)
|August 28, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

HIV infection independently reduces lung diffusing capacity (DLCO), especially in those with low CD4 counts. This impairment is linked to more respiratory symptoms in HIV-infected individuals.

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Phenotyping Mouse Pulmonary Function In Vivo with the Lung Diffusing Capacity
07:13

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Published on: January 6, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Limited data exist on pulmonary function abnormalities in the current era of HIV care.
  • HIV infection is associated with various non-AIDS-defining complications, including lung disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare pulmonary function patterns and severity in HIV-infected versus HIV-uninfected individuals.
  • To identify factors associated with pulmonary function impairment in HIV-infected persons.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of 589 men (300 HIV-infected, 289 HIV-uninfected) from the Lung HIV Study (2009-2011).
  • Evaluated spirometry, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and respiratory symptoms via questionnaires.
  • Statistical analysis included linear regression adjusting for confounders like smoking.

Main Results:

  • While airflow obstruction was similar, HIV-infected men had significantly lower mean DLCO (69% vs. 76%, P < 0.001).
  • A moderately to severely reduced DLCO (≤60%) was more common in HIV-infected (30%) vs. HIV-uninfected (18%) individuals, even on antiretroviral therapy.
  • Reduced DLCO was independently associated with HIV infection and lower CD4 cell counts (<200 cells/µL), and linked to increased respiratory symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • HIV infection is an independent risk factor for reduced DLCO, particularly with CD4 counts below 200 cells/µL.
  • Pulmonary function abnormalities in HIV manifest as increased respiratory symptoms.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind reduced DLCO in HIV.