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Fulminant hepatitis due to human adenovirus
Infection
|August 28, 2013
Summary
Human adenovirus (HAdV) hepatitis is a severe liver disease in immunocompromised patients. Early diagnosis via liver biopsy and reduced immunosuppression can improve survival rates.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Human adenovirus (HAdV) hepatitis is a rare but serious condition.
- It primarily affects immunocompromised individuals, including transplant recipients and those undergoing chemotherapy.
Observation:
- A literature review identified 89 cases of HAdV hepatitis.
- Fever was the most common symptom, and hypodense lesions were noted on CT scans.
- Diagnosis was confirmed by liver biopsy or autopsy.
Findings:
- The majority of cases (90%) occurred within six months post-transplantation.
- Only 27% of patients survived, with improved outcomes seen after reducing immunosuppression or liver re-transplantation.
- Cidofovir and intravenous immunoglobulin showed some benefit in survivors.
Implications:
- HAdV hepatitis can lead to fulminant liver failure in immunocompromised hosts.
- Prompt diagnosis through liver biopsy is crucial.
- Management strategies include reducing immunosuppression and considering liver transplantation.
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