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Summary

Ramadan fasting impacts appetite sensations differently in men and women with type 2 diabetes. While body weight and waist circumference changed, daily energy intake remained stable during the study period.

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Nutrition Science
Diabetes Management

Background:

Type 2 diabetes requires careful management of diet and lifestyle.
Ramadan fasting is a significant annual event involving dietary changes for Muslims worldwide.
Understanding the physiological effects of Ramadan fasting in diabetic populations is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of Ramadan fasting on appetite, nutrient intake, and body weight in individuals with type 2 diabetes in Mali.
To explore potential sex-based differences in these responses.

Main Methods:

24 participants with type 2 diabetes assessed appetite using visual analogue scales every 2 hours.
Dietary intake was estimated via 48-hour food recalls before and during Ramadan.
Body weight and waist circumference were measured.

Main Results:

Significant sex differences were observed in appetite sensations, with notable interactions between sex, fasting period, and time of day.
Men experienced significant body weight loss, while women showed a significant decrease in waist circumference.
No significant changes in average daily energy intake were reported for either sex.

Conclusions:

Ramadan fasting influences appetite sensations in individuals with type 2 diabetes, with effects varying between men and women.
Physiological changes like weight loss and reduced waist circumference occur without significant alterations in overall daily energy intake.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex interplay of Ramadan fasting, appetite regulation, and metabolic health in diabetic patients.