Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Dependence01:17

Drug Dependence

Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis01:20

Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis

Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
Several...
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Drug Analysis Methods01:26

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Drug Analysis Methods

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is a clinical practice that measures specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to tailor drug therapy effectively. This monitoring is critical for managing drugs with narrow therapeutic indices like digoxin and phenytoin, ensuring they are both safe and effective. For instance, monitoring theophylline levels in asthma patients involves precision and sensitivity to adjust doses according to individual responses to therapy, ensuring efficacy and...
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors01:29

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is the clinical practice of measuring specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to manage and optimize therapy. TDM is crucial for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, like warfarin and phenytoin, where incorrect doses can lead to treatment failure or severe side effects. This monitoring ensures the dosage administered is within a safe and effective range. The factors affecting therapeutic drug monitoring include:Patient-Specific Factors:a.
Comparing Experimental Results: Student's t-Test01:09

Comparing Experimental Results: Student's t-Test

The t-test is a statistical method used to compare the sample mean with a population mean or compare two means from two data sets. The test statistic is calculated from the standard deviation, mean, and number of measurements in the data set at a selected confidence interval and then compared to a table of critical values at this confidence level. If the test statistic is smaller than the critical value, the null hypothesis is accepted. In this case, we state that the difference between the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Riluzole treatment paradoxically increases motoneuron excitability in ALS due to hyperactive homeostasis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

A new perspective on spinal motoneuron persistent currents: Predictive compensation for muscle nonlinearities.

The Journal of physiology·2026
Same author

Motor unit discharge properties are modestly influenced by menstrual cycle-related fluctuations in sex hormone concentrations.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

A novel protocol to investigate the monoaminergic relationship between descending nociceptive and motor unit neuromodulation.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2025
Same author

Loss of 5-HT<sub>2C</sub> receptor function alters motor behavior in male and female mice with and without spinal cord injury.

Frontiers in neural circuits·2025
Same author

Post-inhibitory rebound excitation drives extensor activity following spinal cord stimulation.

Brain stimulation·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Determining Pain Detection and Tolerance Thresholds Using an Integrated, Multi-Modal Pain Task Battery
09:38

Determining Pain Detection and Tolerance Thresholds Using an Integrated, Multi-Modal Pain Task Battery

Published on: April 14, 2016

Measurement of tanning dependence.

C J Heckman1, S Darlow, J D Kloss

  • 1Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV
|August 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Indoor tanning dependence is a concern, but existing measures like the modified Cut-down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener Scale (mCAGE) and modified Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fourth Edition - Text Revised (mDSM-IV-TR) need validation. The Tanning Pathology Scale (TAPS) showed better psychometric properties.

More Related Videos

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response
06:31

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response

Published on: October 3, 2019

Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing
06:24

Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing

Published on: May 28, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Determining Pain Detection and Tolerance Thresholds Using an Integrated, Multi-Modal Pain Task Battery
09:38

Determining Pain Detection and Tolerance Thresholds Using an Integrated, Multi-Modal Pain Task Battery

Published on: April 14, 2016

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response
06:31

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response

Published on: October 3, 2019

Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing
06:24

Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing

Published on: May 28, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Indoor tanning is recognized as addictive, yet validated measures for tanning dependence are lacking.
  • Existing assessment tools require rigorous psychometric evaluation to ensure reliability and accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the psychometric properties of three tanning dependence measures: modified Cut-down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener Scale (mCAGE), modified Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fourth Edition - Text Revised (mDSM-IV-TR), and Tanning Pathology Scale (TAPS).
  • To compare these scales and offer recommendations for their use in research and clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional online survey was administered to female university students aged 18-25.
  • Tanning dependence was assessed using the mCAGE, mDSM-IV-TR, and TAPS scales.

Main Results:

  • The Tanning Pathology Scale (TAPS) demonstrated good internal consistency for its subscales, unlike the mCAGE and mDSM-IV-TR which showed poor consistency unless items were combined.
  • Fair agreement was observed between the mCAGE and mDSM-IV-TR. Factor analysis supported the TAPS's four-factor structure.
  • All scales correlated significantly with each other and with other tanning attitude/behavior measures, except for the TAPS tolerance subscale, which showed low reliability and no correlation with attitudes or behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • Recommendations are provided for the appropriate use of tanning dependence measures based on findings and existing literature.
  • Approximately 5% of college women may be classified as tanning dependent across measures, suggesting a need for intervention.
  • Monitoring individuals exhibiting symptoms of tanning dependence is warranted.