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Related Concept Videos

Neural Circuits01:25

Neural Circuits

Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...
Neuronal Communication01:28

Neuronal Communication

Neurons, the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, communicate through complex electrochemical signals that underpin all cognitive and bodily functions. This communication is primarily facilitated by a process involving the generation and propagation of an action potential along the axon of the neuron. When the internal electrical charge of a neuron surpasses a certain threshold, an action potential is triggered. This rapid change in voltage travels swiftly along the axon to the...
The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation01:19

The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation

A postsynaptic neuron usually receives numerous impulses from several other presynaptic neurons. The axon hillock of the postsynaptic neuron integrates all these signals and determines the likelihood of firing an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential.
Electrical Synapses01:28

Electrical Synapses

Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...
Series Resonance01:17

Series Resonance

The RLC circuit impedance is defined as the ratio of the supply voltage to the circuit current. Resonance in such a circuit occurs when the imaginary part of this impedance equals zero. This specific condition means that the inductive reactance is exactly equal to the capacitive reactance. The frequency at which this happens is known as the resonant frequency. Mathematically, the resonant frequency is inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the inductance (L) and capacitance...
Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Optogenetic Entrainment of Hippocampal Theta Oscillations in Behaving Mice
07:33

Optogenetic Entrainment of Hippocampal Theta Oscillations in Behaving Mice

Published on: June 29, 2018

Recurrent connections form a phase-locking neuronal tuner for frequency-dependent selective communication.

Dongkwan Shin1, Kwang-Hyun Cho

  • 1Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.

Scientific Reports
|August 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Recurrent connections in the brain act as a tunable filter, enabling neuronal groups to selectively receive and route information. This mechanism ensures efficient communication within neural networks by matching signal frequencies.

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Optogenetic Entrainment of Hippocampal Theta Oscillations in Behaving Mice
07:33

Optogenetic Entrainment of Hippocampal Theta Oscillations in Behaving Mice

Published on: June 29, 2018

Electrophysiological and Morphological Characterization of Neuronal Microcircuits in Acute Brain Slices Using Paired Patch-Clamp Recordings
10:24

Electrophysiological and Morphological Characterization of Neuronal Microcircuits in Acute Brain Slices Using Paired Patch-Clamp Recordings

Published on: January 10, 2015

Manufacturing and Using Piggy-back Multibarrel Electrodes for In vivo Pharmacological Manipulations of Neural Responses
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Manufacturing and Using Piggy-back Multibarrel Electrodes for In vivo Pharmacological Manipulations of Neural Responses

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Area of Science:

  • Computational neuroscience
  • Neural network dynamics
  • Information theory

Background:

  • Brain function relies on coordinated information flow across neural networks.
  • Mechanisms for flexible target selection in neuronal communication remain elusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To uncover the hidden routing mechanism governing neuronal communication.
  • To investigate the role of recurrent connections in information flow selection.

Main Methods:

  • Simulations using the spike response model.
  • Analysis of recurrent connections between excitatory and inhibitory neurons.
  • Modeling of neuronal group resonance and synchronized oscillations.

Main Results:

  • Recurrent connections modulate the resonant frequency of local neuronal groups.
  • This modulation allows selective information reception via frequency filtering.
  • Recurrent connections facilitate frequency-dependent routing of information between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Recurrent connections function as a phase-locking neuronal tuner.
  • They control preferential signal routing by setting local group resonant frequencies.
  • This provides a mechanism for flexible and efficient neural communication.