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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Development of Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) Populations in Small Grain Crops by Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis

Development of Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) Populations in Small Grain Crops by Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis

Published on: July 16, 2019

Differential rRNA genes expression in bread wheat and its inheritance.

Ana Carvalho¹, Carlos Polanco, Henrique Guedes-Pinto

¹Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering (IBB), Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology (CGB), University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal.

|August 29, 2013

Summary

The inheritance of Ag-NORs number and NOR methylation patterns in wheat hybrids does not follow Mendelian rules. Hybridization leads to stable NOR patterns in F1 and F2 generations, independent of parental methylation.

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Development of Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) Populations in Small Grain Crops by Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis

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Published on: July 16, 2019

Laser-Capture Microdissection RNA-Sequencing for Spatial and Temporal Tissue-Specific Gene Expression Analysis in Plants

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Published on: August 5, 2020

Area of Science:

Plant genetics
Epigenetics
Molecular biology

Background:

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene expression in wheat x rye hybrids is regulated by cytosine methylation and nucleolar dominance.
Bread wheat cultivars with fewer Ag-NORs exhibit higher rDNA methylation than those with more Ag-NORs.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the inheritance of Ag-NORs number and NOR methylation patterns in bread wheat hybrids.
To determine if Ag-NORs number and NOR methylation patterns follow Mendelian inheritance.
To assess the impact of hybridization on NOR stability and methylation.

Main Methods:

Production of F1 hybrids between bread wheat cultivars with four and six Ag-NORs.
Evaluation of Ag-NORs number and NOR methylation patterns in parent, F1, and F2 generations.
Treatment of parent cultivars with 5-azacytidine to confirm the role of cytosine methylation.

Main Results:

Ag-NORs number in F1 hybrids showed non-Mendelian inheritance, often resembling the female parent.
F1 NOR methylation patterns revealed both parental fragments and novel fragments, suggesting genomic rearrangements.
A stable NOR pattern was observed in F1 hybrids and transmitted to F2, irrespective of parental NOR patterns.
F2 progenies displayed variable Ag-NORs numbers (four, five, or six) without following Mendelian ratios.
NOR inheritance in F1 and F2 was not correlated with NOR methylation patterns, unlike in the parents.

Conclusions:

The inheritance of Ag-NORs number in wheat hybrids is non-Mendelian.
Hybridization can lead to genomic rearrangements and a stable NOR pattern in subsequent generations.
NOR methylation patterns in hybrids are not directly correlated with the inheritance of Ag-NORs number.