Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation. For...
Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic symptoms in all...
Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects01:21

Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects

Antipsychotic drugs primarily block dopamine and serotonin receptors and cholinergic, adrenergic, and histaminergic receptors, thereby reducing hallucinations and delusions in conditions like schizophrenia. However, they can trigger unwanted extrapyramidal effects such as dystonias, Parkinson-like symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia.
Despite these side effects, antipsychotics are used therapeutically for various purposes, including managing schizophrenia, preventing nausea and vomiting, curbing...
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance01:23

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance

The elimination half-life and drug clearance of drugs following nonlinear kinetics can vary with dosage. The Michaelis-Menten parameters and drug concentration influence these factors. As the dose increases, the elimination half-life tends to lengthen, resulting in a reduction in clearance and a disproportionately larger area under the curve. The total clearance can be derived from the Michaelis-Menten equation for drugs following a one-compartment model.
A study on guinea pigs examined the...
Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents01:21

Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents

Antipsychotic drugs are classified into first-generation (typical) drugs including phenothiazines; and second-generation (atypical) drugs. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine), a phenothiazine derivative, broadly impacts the central, autonomic, and endocrine systems. This drug, along with typical agents like haloperidol (Haldol), primarily works by antagonizing D2 receptors, thus reducing dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, typical antipsychotics can cause side effects such as sedation...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The effect of COVID-19 on absolute neutrophil counts in patients taking clozapine.

Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology·2020
Same author

Safety of psychotropic medications in people with COVID-19: evidence review and practical recommendations.

BMC medicine·2020
Same author

Role of <i>Helicobacters</i> in Neuropsychiatric Disease: A Systematic Review in Idiopathic Parkinsonism.

Journal of clinical medicine·2020
Same author

Constructing Approaches to Entrustable Professional Activity Development that Deliver Valid Descriptions of Professional Practice.

Teaching and learning in medicine·2020
Same author

Emerging and experimental treatments for COVID-19 and drug interactions with psychotropic agents.

Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology·2020
Same author

Bio-inspired protective structures for marine applications.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics·2020
Same journal

Readability of informed consent forms from ClinicalTrials.gov in ketamine clinical trials for mental health conditions: a cross-sectional analysis.

Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology·2026
Same journal

Patient-centred education for ketamine and esketamine therapies in mood disorders.

Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology·2026
Same journal

Benzodiazepine receptor agonist deprescribing principles for long-term use and dependence: modified Delphi recommendations from a multi-disciplinary expert panel.

Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology·2026
Same journal

Cariprazine augmentation for negative symptoms of schizophrenia: a prospective analysis and literature review.

Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology·2026
Same journal

Adjunctive aripiprazole for amisulpride-induced hyperprolactinemia: a preliminary retrospective study showing no reversing effect.

Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology·2026
Same journal

Early suicidal ideation change and suicidality-associated emergency department utilization after ketamine or esketamine treatment in treatment-resistant depression.

Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
10:32

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

Long-term antipsychotic polypharmacy: how does it start, why does it continue?

Patrice Grech, David Taylor

    Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology
    |August 29, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Antipsychotic polypharmacy is common but lacks evidence. This study found it

    Keywords:
    antipsychoticspolypharmacyschizophrenia

    More Related Videos

    Dual Extracellular Recordings in the Mouse Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex
    04:44

    Dual Extracellular Recordings in the Mouse Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex

    Published on: February 16, 2024

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 8, 2026

    Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
    10:32

    Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

    Published on: April 23, 2014

    Dual Extracellular Recordings in the Mouse Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex
    04:44

    Dual Extracellular Recordings in the Mouse Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex

    Published on: February 16, 2024

    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Pharmacology
    • Clinical Medicine

    Background:

    • Antipsychotic polypharmacy is a prevalent clinical practice.
    • Limited empirical evidence supports the safety and efficacy of antipsychotic polypharmacy.
    • Understanding the rationale and outcomes of antipsychotic coprescription is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess prior antipsychotic treatment before initiating polypharmacy.
    • To ascertain clinicians' documented reasons for long-term antipsychotic coprescription.
    • To determine patterns of antipsychotic coprescription and associated patient outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of prescription charts in a mental health trust.
    • Analysis of electronic patient records for patients on antipsychotic polypharmacy (≥ 2 antipsychotics, excluding clozapine) for ≥ 6 months.
    • Evaluation of demographic data, reasons for polypharmacy, prior treatments, clinical outcomes, and adverse effects.

    Main Results:

    • 38 patients met the criteria for antipsychotic polypharmacy.
    • Prior treatment included monotherapy (39%) or clozapine trial (48%).
    • Primary reason for coprescription: inadequate response to monotherapy (26% symptom improvement); increased adverse effects noted.

    Conclusions:

    • Antipsychotic coprescription is used to manage residual symptoms despite monotherapy.
    • Polypharmacy is not exclusively for treatment-refractory cases.
    • Evidence suggests potential patient benefit from polypharmacy, balanced against increased adverse effects; trials of specific combinations are needed.