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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
Disorders of the Urinary System01:20

Disorders of the Urinary System

The urinary system is responsible for eliminating waste and excess fluids from the body. However, disorders of the urinary system can arise due to various reasons like infections, stress, age, congenital abnormalities, and lifestyle.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...
Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation01:26

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation

The nursing assessment of the genitourinary (GU) system involves a systematic inspection and palpation to identify abnormalities in the kidneys, bladder, and surrounding structures.InspectionMouth: Inspect for signs of kidney dysfunction, such as stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth) and ammonia breath, which may occur in advanced kidney disease due to the buildup of urea, breaking down into ammonia.Skin: Check for pallor, which could indicate anemia caused by kidney disease. Look for...
The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

An Orthotopic Sciatic Nerve Xenograft for Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Neurofibromas
03:53

An Orthotopic Sciatic Nerve Xenograft for Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Neurofibromas

Published on: October 10, 2025

Neurofibromatosis type 1 with bladder involvement.

Iyimser Ure1, Serhat Gürocak, Ipek Isik Gönül

  • 1Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Gazi University, 06500 Ankara, Turkey.

Case Reports in Urology
|August 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 can affect the bladder, a rare but significant genitourinary manifestation. This case study highlights a 15-year-old patient, discussing clinical presentation and management of bladder involvement in neurofibromatosis type 1.

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Concurrent Collection of Fetal Murine Brain and Serum to Assess Effects of Maternal Diet on Nutrition and Neurodevelopment in Neurofibromatosis Type 1
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Concurrent Collection of Fetal Murine Brain and Serum to Assess Effects of Maternal Diet on Nutrition and Neurodevelopment in Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Published on: May 17, 2024

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An Orthotopic Sciatic Nerve Xenograft for Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Neurofibromas
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Published on: October 10, 2025

Concurrent Collection of Fetal Murine Brain and Serum to Assess Effects of Maternal Diet on Nutrition and Neurodevelopment in Neurofibromatosis Type 1
05:44

Concurrent Collection of Fetal Murine Brain and Serum to Assess Effects of Maternal Diet on Nutrition and Neurodevelopment in Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Published on: May 17, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder.
  • Genitourinary system involvement is common in NF1, with the bladder being the most frequently affected organ.
  • Malignant transformation of NF1-related bladder masses is rare, with benign lesions typically managed conservatively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case of a 15-year-old patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 and significant bladder involvement.
  • To discuss the clinical presentation and diagnostic challenges of NF1-related bladder masses.
  • To review the literature on the management and treatment options for benign bladder disease in NF1 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 15-year-old patient with NF1 and bladder mass.
  • Review of clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging, and treatment decisions.
  • Literature search for similar cases and established management guidelines for NF1-associated bladder conditions.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with non-specific symptoms attributed to the bladder mass.
  • Conservative management was considered due to the benign nature of the lesion.
  • The size and location of the mass were key factors in symptom manifestation and treatment planning.

Conclusions:

  • Bladder involvement in neurofibromatosis type 1, though uncommon, requires careful evaluation.
  • Non-specific symptoms necessitate a high index of suspicion in patients with NF1.
  • Management strategies should be tailored to the individual patient, considering lesion characteristics and potential for growth or complications.