Use of an Oxygen Extractor to Minimize Oxidation of compounded Preparations

A number of drugs are sensitive to the presence of oxygen resulting in oxidative degradation and a shortened shelf-life. This is usually minimized by either the addition of antioxidants to the formulation or the replacement of headspace air with an inert gas, such as nitrogen. A new alternative is presented and involves the use of an oxygen extractor. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the device in removing oxygen from drug vials. Aqueous epinephrine solutions were prepared from deoxygenated water. Twenty milliliters of the solution was filled into vials to which caps were affixed; some caps contained the oxygen extractor and others did not. The oxygen content of the headspace was analyzed and the appearance of the solutions was observed over a period of up to 19 days. The results showed that the vials with the oxygen extractor remained clear for the 19 days' duration with essentially no oxygen present; whereas the vials without the unit discolored within 24 hours, turning to black, oily films in 15 days. This technology may provide compounding pharmacists with a method of packaging oxygen-sensitive preparations with enhanced stability.