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Updated: May 8, 2026

Electrophoretic Analysis of Replication Through Structure-Prone DNA Repeats Within the SV40-Based Human Episome
Published on: September 13, 2024
Recombination-dependent oligomerization of human papillomavirus genomes upon transient DNA replication
Marit Orav1, Liisi Henno, Helen Isok-Paas
1University of Tartu, Institute of Technology, Tartu, Estonia.
Abstract:
We describe the extensive and progressive oligomerization of human papillomavirus (HPV) genomes after transfection into the U2OS cell line. The HPV genomic oligomers are extrachromosomal concatemeric molecules containing the viral genome in a head-to-tail orientation. The process of oligomerization does not depend on the topology of the input DNA, and it does not require any other viral factors besides replication proteins E1 and E2. We provide evidence that oligomerization of the HPV18 and HPV11 genomes involves homologous recombination. We also demonstrate oligomerization of the HPV18 and HPV11 genomes in SiHa, HeLa, and C-33 A cell lines and provide examples of oligomeric HPV genomes in clinical samples obtained from HPV-infected patients.
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