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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

Diastolic heart failure: a concise review.

Fahad Aziz1, Luqman-Arafath Tk, Chijioke Enweluzo

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Hospital Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA.

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research
|August 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diastolic heart failure, characterized by preserved ejection fraction, affects the elderly with hypertensive heart disease. Early recognition and treatment of diastolic dysfunction are crucial to prevent progression and death.

Keywords:
Diastolic Heart FailurePathogenesisTreatment

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A Pacing-Controlled Procedure for the Assessment of Heart Rate-Dependent Diastolic Functions in Murine Heart Failure Models
07:49

A Pacing-Controlled Procedure for the Assessment of Heart Rate-Dependent Diastolic Functions in Murine Heart Failure Models

Published on: July 21, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

A Pacing-Controlled Procedure for the Assessment of Heart Rate-Dependent Diastolic Functions in Murine Heart Failure Models
07:49

A Pacing-Controlled Procedure for the Assessment of Heart Rate-Dependent Diastolic Functions in Murine Heart Failure Models

Published on: July 21, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Diastolic heart failure (DHF) describes patients with heart failure symptoms and signs but a normal left ventricular ejection fraction.
  • The concept arose from the assumption that preserved systolic function implies diastolic dysfunction as the cause.
  • Diagnostic guidelines and Doppler echocardiography indicators for DHF have been established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the understanding and clinical implications of diastolic heart failure.
  • To highlight the importance of early recognition and management of diastolic dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical observations regarding diastolic heart failure.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • DHF has a lower annual mortality rate (approx. 8%) compared to systolic heart failure (19%), but significant morbidity.
  • DHF is prevalent in elderly patients with hypertensive heart disease.
  • No specific therapy directly improves left ventricular diastolic function.

Conclusions:

  • Early recognition and management of diastolic dysfunction are vital to prevent DHF progression and mortality.
  • Treatment of underlying conditions is the primary therapeutic strategy for DHF.
  • While direct therapies for diastolic function are lacking, certain medications (calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, ACE-inhibitors, ARBs, nitric oxide donors) may offer benefits.