Uterine cervical melanoma presenting with rapid progression detected by PET/CT

Malignant melanoma of the uterine cervix is a rare extracutaneous melanoma which develops aggressively and is associated with a bleak prognosis. To our knowledge, no prior published reports have discussed the role of 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in managing this disease. Our case study involved a 66-year-old woman with a malignant melanoma of the uterine cervix. The patient received PET/CT that identified metastases and lesions which had not been detected from her MRI. Serial PET/CT elucidated that the disease was initially limited to the pelvis, but then metastasized to the abdominal para-aortic lymph nodes, followed by extensive metastases to the brain, lungs, breast, supraclavicular, neck, and other abdominal lymph nodes, as observed at 6-month follow-up. PET/CT was used to complement conventional anatomic imaging modalities, and provided a novel modality for whole body screening. Visualization of the metabolic activity of indeterminate lesions may help in staging, re-staging, treatment planning, and prognostic prediction for patients with this rare disease.